Section § 24400

Explanation

This section requires all motor vehicles, except motorcycles, to have at least two headlamps installed at the front, with one on each side. These headlamps must be positioned between 22 and 54 inches from the ground and be located above or ahead of the front axle, except for vehicles registered before 1930.

During nighttime or bad weather, vehicles must have these headlamps turned on. 'Inclement weather' includes situations where a driver can't clearly see a person or vehicle from 1,000 feet away or when windshield wipers need to be constantly used because of rain, mist, snow, fog, or similar conditions.

(a)CA Vehicle Code § 24400(a) A motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, shall
be equipped with at least two headlamps, with at least one on each side of the front of the vehicle, and, except as to vehicles registered prior to January 1, 1930, they shall be located directly above or in advance of the front axle of the vehicle. The headlamps and every light source in any headlamp unit shall be located at a height of not more than 54 inches nor less than 22 inches.
(b)CA Vehicle Code § 24400(b) A motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, shall be operated during darkness, or inclement weather, or both, with at least two lighted headlamps that comply with subdivision (a).
(c)CA Vehicle Code § 24400(c) As used in subdivision (b), “inclement weather” is a weather condition that is either of the following:
(1)CA Vehicle Code § 24400(c)(1) A condition that prevents a driver of a motor vehicle from clearly discerning a person or another motor vehicle on the highway from a distance of 1,000 feet.
(2)CA Vehicle Code § 24400(c)(2) A condition requiring the windshield wipers to be in continuous use due to rain, mist, snow, fog, or other precipitation or atmospheric moisture.

Section § 24401

Explanation

If you park your vehicle on a highway and your headlights are on, they must be set to the dimmed or lower beam setting.

Whenever any motor vehicle is parked or standing upon a highway any headlamp that is lighted shall be dimmed or on the lower beam.

Section § 24402

Explanation

This law explains that vehicles can have up to two additional lights on the front called driving lamps and passing lamps. Driving lamps help brighten the upper beam and must be mounted between 16 and 42 inches high. These should not be used with the lower beam lights. Passing lamps, on the other hand, assist the lower beam and can be used with the upper beam. They must be placed 24 to 42 inches high.

(a)CA Vehicle Code § 24402(a) Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not to exceed two auxiliary driving lamps mounted on the front at a height of not less than 16 inches nor more than 42 inches. Driving lamps are lamps designed for supplementing the upper beam from headlamps and may not be lighted with the lower beam.
(b)CA Vehicle Code § 24402(b) Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not to exceed two auxiliary passing lamps mounted on the front at a height of not less than 24 inches nor more than 42 inches. Passing lamps are lamps designed for supplementing the lower beam from headlamps and may also be lighted with the upper beam.

Section § 24403

Explanation

In California, a motor vehicle can have up to two fog lamps, but they must be used alongside, not instead of, the regular headlights.

For cars, the fog lamps should be mounted on the front, between 12 and 30 inches high. They must be aimed so that the beam's bright part is at least four inches below the lamp's center level for a distance of 25 feet in front.

For motorcycles, fog lamps should be mounted at a height between 12 and 40 inches with similar aiming requirements as cars.

(a)CA Vehicle Code § 24403(a) A motor vehicle may be equipped with not more than two foglamps that may be used with, but may not be used in substitution of, headlamps.
(b)CA Vehicle Code § 24403(b) On a motor vehicle other than a motorcycle, the foglamps authorized under this section shall be mounted on the front at a height of not less than 12 inches nor more than 30 inches and aimed so that when the vehicle is not loaded none of the high-intensity portion of the light to the left of the center of the vehicle projects higher than a level of four inches below the level of the center of the lamp from which it comes, for a distance of 25 feet in front of the vehicle.
(c)CA Vehicle Code § 24403(c) On a motorcycle, the foglamps authorized under this section shall be mounted on the front at a height of not less than 12 inches nor more than 40 inches and aimed so that when the vehicle is not loaded none of the high-intensity portion of the light to the left of the center of the vehicle projects higher than a level of four inches below the level of the center of the lamp from which it comes, for a distance of 25 feet in front of the vehicle.

Section § 24404

Explanation

This law allows motor vehicles to have up to two white spotlights, but they cannot replace headlights. Spotlights must be limited to 32 candlepower or 30 watts and shouldn't cause glare for oncoming drivers.

When used, spotlights should be aimed so that they don't shine to the left of the vehicle or beyond 300 feet ahead. This regulation doesn't apply to emergency vehicles. Additionally, spotlights shouldn't illuminate other moving vehicles when in use.

(a)CA Vehicle Code § 24404(a) A motor vehicle may be equipped with not to exceed two white spotlamps, which shall not be used in substitution of headlamps.
(b)CA Vehicle Code § 24404(b) No spotlamp shall be equipped with any lamp source exceeding 32 standard candlepower or 30 watts nor project any glaring light into the eyes of an approaching driver.
(c)CA Vehicle Code § 24404(c) Every spotlamp shall be so directed when in use: That no portion of the main substantially parallel beam of light will strike the roadway to the left of the prolongation of the left side line of the vehicle.
That the top of the beam will not strike the roadway at a distance in excess of 300 feet from the vehicle.
(d)CA Vehicle Code § 24404(d) This section does not apply to spotlamps on authorized emergency vehicles.
(e)CA Vehicle Code § 24404(e) No spotlamp when in use shall be directed so as to illuminate any other moving vehicle.

Section § 24405

Explanation

This section of the law states that you can have no more than four front-facing lights on a vehicle turned on at one time. These lights include headlamps, auxiliary driving or passing lamps, fog lamps, warning lamps, spot lamps, and specific gaseous discharge lamps. For vehicles with dual headlamp systems, each pair counts as a single lamp. Importantly, this limitation doesn't apply to authorized emergency vehicles.

(a)CA Vehicle Code § 24405(a) Not more than four lamps of the following types showing to the front of a vehicle may be lighted at any one time:
(1)CA Vehicle Code § 24405(a)(1) Headlamps.
(2)CA Vehicle Code § 24405(a)(2) Auxiliary driving or passing lamps.
(3)CA Vehicle Code § 24405(a)(3) Fog lamps.
(4)CA Vehicle Code § 24405(a)(4) Warning lamps.
(5)CA Vehicle Code § 24405(a)(5) Spot lamps.
(6)CA Vehicle Code § 24405(a)(6) Gaseous discharge lamps specified in Section 25258.
(b)CA Vehicle Code § 24405(b) For the purpose of this section each pair of a dual headlamp system shall be considered as one lamp.
(c)CA Vehicle Code § 24405(c) Subdivision (a) does not apply to any authorized emergency vehicle.

Section § 24406

Explanation

This law requires that a vehicle's headlights or auxiliary driving lights must be set up so the driver can choose between different light levels. This choice can be made manually or automatically.

Except as otherwise provided, the headlamps, or other auxiliary driving lamps, or a combination thereof, on a motor vehicle during darkness shall be so arranged that the driver may select at will between distributions of light projected to different elevations, and the lamps may, in addition, be so arranged that the selection can be made automatically.

Section § 24407

Explanation

This law outlines how vehicle headlights with multiple beams should be set up. The high beam needs to be bright enough to see people and cars at least 350 feet away. The low beam should allow you to see at least 100 feet ahead without shining directly into the eyes of oncoming drivers.

Multiple-beam road lighting equipment shall be designed and aimed as follows:
(a)CA Vehicle Code § 24407(a) There shall be an uppermost distribution of light, or composite beam, so aimed and of such intensity as to reveal persons and vehicles at a distance of at least 350 feet ahead for all conditions of loading.
(b)CA Vehicle Code § 24407(b) There shall be a lowermost distribution of light, or composite beam so aimed and of sufficient intensity to reveal a person or vehicle at a distance of at least 100 feet ahead. On a straight level road under any condition of loading none of the high intensity portion of the beam shall be directed to strike the eyes of an approaching driver.

Section § 24408

Explanation

This California law requires that any new motor vehicle registered after January 1, 1940, that uses headlights with multiple beam settings must include a beam indicator. This indicator lights up when the high beams are in use and should not light up at other times.

The design and placement of the indicator should ensure it is visible to the driver without causing glare and must have a light source no stronger than two candlepower. The light should not be visible from the front or sides of the vehicle.

Autonomous vehicles that can't be driven by a human driver are exempt from this requirement, provided it's in line with or authorized by any relevant federal laws or regulations.

(a)CA Vehicle Code § 24408(a) Every new motor vehicle registered in this state after January 1, 1940, which has multiple-beam road lighting equipment shall be equipped with a beam indicator, which shall be lighted whenever the uppermost distribution of light from the headlamps is in use, and shall not otherwise be lighted.
(b)CA Vehicle Code § 24408(b) The indicator shall be so designed and located that when lighted it will be readily visible without glare to the driver of the vehicle so equipped. Any such lamp on the exterior of the vehicle shall have a light source not exceeding two candlepower, and the light shall not show to the front or sides of the vehicle.
(c)CA Vehicle Code § 24408(c) This section does not apply to an autonomous vehicle, as defined in Section 38750, that is not capable of operation by a human driver seated in the vehicle, provided that this exemption is consistent with, or authorized by, any applicable federal law, regulation, or exemption thereto.

Section § 24409

Explanation

This law states that when driving at night, motorists must use headlights that are bright enough to see people and cars at a safe distance ahead. However, when within 500 feet of an oncoming vehicle, drivers should adjust their headlights to prevent blinding the other driver. Similarly, when following another car within 300 feet, the driver should use the lower beam setting to avoid glare.

Whenever a motor vehicle is being operated during darkness, the driver shall use a distribution of light, or composite beam, directed high enough and of sufficient intensity to reveal persons and vehicles at a safe distance in advance of the vehicle, subject to the following requirements and limitations:
(a)CA Vehicle Code § 24409(a) Whenever the driver of a vehicle approaches an oncoming vehicle within 500 feet, he shall use a distribution of light or composite beam so aimed that the glaring rays are not projected into the eyes of the oncoming driver.
The lowermost distribution of light specified in this article shall be deemed to avoid glare at all times regardless of road contour.
(b)CA Vehicle Code § 24409(b) Whenever the driver of a vehicle follows another vehicle within 300 feet to the rear, he shall use the lowermost distribution of light specified in this article.

Section § 24410

Explanation

This law states that cars made and sold before September 19, 1940, can use headlights that produce one beam of light instead of multiple beams if they meet certain conditions. The headlights must be aimed so that the brightest part of the light doesn’t shine higher than 5 inches below the lamp’s center at 25 feet, and not higher than 42 inches at 75 feet. Additionally, the light should be strong enough to illuminate objects or people at least 200 feet away.

Headlamps arranged to provide a single distribution of light not supplemented by auxiliary driving lamps are permitted on motor vehicles manufactured and sold prior to September 19, 1940, in lieu of multiple-beam road lighting equipment if the single distribution of light complies with the following requirements and limitations:
(a)CA Vehicle Code § 24410(a) The headlamps shall be so aimed that when the vehicle is not loaded none of the high-intensity portion of the light shall at a distance of 25 feet ahead project higher than a level of five inches below the level of the center of the lamp from which it comes, and in no case higher than 42 inches above the level on which the vehicle stands at a distance of 75 feet ahead.
(b)CA Vehicle Code § 24410(b) The intensity shall be sufficient to reveal persons and vehicles at a distance of at least 200 feet.

Section § 24411

Explanation

This law allows vehicles to have up to eight headlights for off-road use, but there are specific conditions. These lights must be between 16 inches from the ground and 12 inches above the passenger area. They need to be placed between the front of the vehicle and a point 40 inches behind the driver’s seat. They must have their own wiring and when the vehicle is on a highway, they should be covered with an opaque hood and turned off.

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a vehicle may be equipped with not more than eight lamps for use as headlamps while the vehicle is operated or driven off the highway. The lamps shall be mounted at a height of not less than 16 inches from the ground, or more than 12 inches above the top of the passenger compartment, at any place between the front of the vehicle and a line lying on a point 40 inches to the rear of the seat occupied by the driver, shall be wired independently of all other lighting circuits, and, whenever the vehicle is operated or driven upon a highway, shall be covered or hooded with an opaque hood or cover, and turned off.