Short-lived Climate Pollutants - State Programs - Public Resources - CA

Section § 42652

This law section highlights the importance of reducing organic waste to meet recycling goals. It emphasizes the need for significant investment in developing the ability to recycle organic materials and calls for stronger funding support from both state and local levels to expand recycling capacity.

The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:

(a) The organic disposal reduction targets are essential to achieving the statewide recycling goal identified in Section 41780.01.

(b) Achieving organic waste disposal reduction targets requires significant investment to develop organics recycling capacity.

organic waste reduction recycling goals organics recycling capacity ...

Section § 42652.5

This law section focuses on setting up regulations to reduce organic waste in California by 2025. Local governments may need to impose rules on waste producers to meet these goals and can face penalties if they fail to do so. The law also aims for 20% of currently discarded edible food to be redirected to feed people instead of being thrown away by 2025. Specific areas must explore local benefits and potential uses for recovered food, including for animal feed.

Carbon farming and soil-health incentives are also part of the plan, but landfills will not have set waste disposal limits. The regulation also adjusts timelines based on jurisdictions’ progress and may include penalties for noncompliance. Penalties kick in at different procurement target levels starting in 2023. Rural areas with special exemptions have until 2037 to comply, while jurisdictions can charge fees to cover compliance costs.

Local jurisdictions need to notify the department if they can't comply by 2022, potentially getting penalty relief and needing a corrective action plan. The regulations prioritize local benefits, allow certain composting activities, and promote compost distribution while offering financial support options for waste facilities to reduce emissions. Mulch and edible food recovery are counted toward procurement targets, ensuring public funds used for compost or mulch serve a public purpose.

(a) The department, in consultation with the State Air Resources Board, shall adopt regulations to achieve the organic waste reduction goals for 2020 and 2025 established in Section 39730.6 of the Health and Safety Code. The regulations shall comply with all of the following:

(1) May require local jurisdictions to impose requirements on generators or other relevant entities within their jurisdiction and may authorize local jurisdictions to impose penalties on generators for noncompliance.

(2)

(A) Shall include requirements intended to meet the goal that not less than 20 percent of edible food that is currently disposed of is recovered for human consumption by 2025.

(B) The department shall evaluate ways to maximize the local benefits of edible food recovery programs, and explore circumstances in which recovered food may be more suitable for use in local animal feed operations.

(3) Shall not establish a numeric organic waste disposal limit for individual landfills.

(4) Shall evaluate ways to incentivize carbon farming that advances healthy soils.

(5) May include different levels of requirements for local jurisdictions and phased timelines based upon their progress in meeting the organic waste reduction goals for 2020 and 2025 established in Section 39730.6 of the Health and Safety Code. The department shall base its determination of progress on relevant factors, including, but not limited to, reviews conducted pursuant to Section 41825, the amount of organic waste disposed compared to the 2014 level, per capita disposal rates, the review required by Section 42653, and other relevant information provided by a local jurisdiction.

(6)

(A) May include penalties to be imposed by the department for noncompliance. If penalties are included, they shall not exceed the amount authorized pursuant to Section 41850.

(B) Notwithstanding any other law, administrative civil penalties for a local jurisdiction that fails to procure a quantity of recovered organic waste products that meets or exceeds its recovered organic waste product procurement target established by the department pursuant to Section 18993.1 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations shall be imposed pursuant to the following schedule:

(i) On or after January 1, 2023, each jurisdiction shall procure a quantity of recovered organic waste products that meets or exceeds 30 percent of its recovered organic waste product procurement target.

(ii) On or after January 1, 2024, each jurisdiction shall procure a quantity of recovered organic waste products that meets or exceeds 65 percent of its recovered organic waste product procurement target.

(iii) On or after January 1, 2025, each jurisdiction shall procure a quantity of recovered organic waste products that meets or exceeds 100 percent of its recovered organic waste product procurement target.

(7) Shall take effect on or after January 1, 2022, except the imposition of penalties pursuant to paragraph (1) shall not take effect until two years after the effective date of the regulations.

(8) For purposes of determining a jurisdiction’s recovered organic waste procurement target pursuant to Section 18993.1 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations, the jurisdiction’s population shall not include the number of residents included in low population or elevation waivers granted by the department pursuant to Section 18984.12 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.

(9) Recognizing the continued economic and logistical challenges of organic waste recycling and procurement in rural jurisdictions, a jurisdiction in possession of a rural exemption pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 18984.12 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations, as that section read on January 1, 2024, shall remain exempt from complying with the organic waste collection services requirements specified in Article 3 (commencing with Section 18984) of, and the procurement requirements specified in Article 12 (commencing with Section 18993.1) of, Chapter 12 of Division 7 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations until January 1, 2037. The department shall adopt regulations to establish a process to renew the exemptions after that date for periods of up to five years.

(10) Specify that bear bins are not required to comply with the lid color requirements established by Chapter 12 (commencing with Section 18981.1) of Division 7 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.

(11) The department may, in its discretion, create an adjusted recovered organic waste product procurement target schedule, not to exceed the requirements of the schedule set forth in this subdivision, which shall be exempt from the Administrative Procedure Act (Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code).

(b) A local jurisdiction may charge and collect fees to recover the local jurisdiction’s costs incurred in complying with the regulations adopted pursuant to this section.

(c) A local jurisdiction facing continuing violations of the regulations adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) that commence during the 2022 calendar year may submit to the department a notification of intent to comply, as described in this section. Upon approval by the department, and implementation by the local jurisdiction, of a notification of intent to comply that meets the requirements of subdivision (e), a local jurisdiction may be eligible for both of the following:

(1) Administrative civil penalty relief for the 2022 calendar year pursuant to subdivision (d).

(2) A corrective action plan pursuant to Section 18996.2 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.

(d)

(1) For violations of the regulations that are disclosed in a notification of intent to comply that is approved by the department as meeting the requirements of subdivision (e), the department shall waive administrative civil penalties under paragraph (6) of subdivision (a) during the 2022 calendar year if, and administrative civil penalties shall not accrue under paragraph (6) of subdivision (a) during the 2022 calendar year if, the local jurisdiction implements the proposed actions according to the schedule proposed pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (e).

(2) For violations that commence during the 2022 calendar year and continue into the 2023 calendar year, administrative civil penalties may begin accruing as of January 1, 2023. Those administrative civil penalties accruing on and after January 1, 2023, shall be waived upon complete compliance with the terms of a corrective action plan pursuant to Section 18996.2 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.

(3) If a local jurisdiction fails to adhere to the proposed actions and schedule described in a notification of intent to comply pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (e), the department may revoke its approval of the notification of intent to comply and impose administrative civil penalties for violations occurring during the 2022 calendar year retroactive to the date of violation.

(4) Notwithstanding any proposed actions and schedule provided by a local jurisdiction in an approved notification of intent to comply pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (e), the department may instead address through a corrective action plan any violations disclosed in that notification that may take more than 180 days to correct. Under those circumstances, the proposed actions and schedule provided pursuant to an approved notification of intent to comply pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (e) shall control until a corrective action plan is finalized.

(e) The department shall approve a notification of intent to comply if the department determines the notification meets the requirements of this subdivision. A notification of intent to comply shall be in writing, adopted by formal resolution by the governing body of the local jurisdiction, and filed with the department no later than March 1, 2022. The notification of intent to comply shall include, at a minimum, all of the following:

(1) A description, with specificity, of the continuing violations.

(2) A detailed explanation of the reasons, supported by documentation, why the local jurisdiction is unable to comply.

(3) A description of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on compliance.

(4) A description of the proposed actions the local jurisdiction will take to remedy the violations within the timelines established in Section 18996.2 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations with a proposed schedule for doing so. The proposed actions shall be tailored to remedy the violations in a timely manner.

(f) The department shall respond in writing to a local jurisdiction within 45 business days of receiving a notification of intent to comply with an approval, disapproval, request for additional information, or timeline for a decision on approval or disapproval. If the department disapproves the notification of intent to comply due to the notification not meeting the requirements of subdivision (e), the department shall include in the response a justification for the disapproval.

(g) Notwithstanding Section 18996.2 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations, the department may establish any maximum compliance deadline in a corrective action plan that it determines to be necessary and appropriate under the circumstances for the correction of a violation of the regulations adopted pursuant to subdivision (a).

(h) A local jurisdiction may be credited for the procurement of recovered organic waste products without executing a direct service provider agreement with end users of recovered organic waste products if all of the following conditions are met:

(1) The use of the recovered organic waste product by any entity is a result of the jurisdiction’s adoption or enforcement of ordinances, regulations, resolutions, or policies.

(2) The jurisdiction complied with all other recordkeeping and reporting requirements related to procurement targets, including verification, as determined by the department, that an entity is procuring on behalf of the jurisdiction.

(3) The recovered organic waste product is not applied to the recovered organic waste product procurement target of another jurisdiction.

(i)

(1) A local jurisdiction may count compost produced and procured from the following compost operations, as described in Section 17852 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations, as it read on January 1, 2024, towards its recovered organic waste procurement target:

(A) Vermicomposting operations.

(B) Operations composting green material, agricultural material, food material, and vegetative food material, if the total amount of feedstock and compost onsite at any one time does not exceed 100 cubic yards and 750 square feet.

(C) Mushroom compost. “Mushroom compost” means the composted growing substrate that remains after a crop has been harvested to completion.

(2) Paragraph (1) applies if a local jurisdiction adopts an ordinance or other enforceable mechanism requiring compost and vermicompost procured by the jurisdiction to comply with this subdivision and to be used in a manner that meets the definition of “land application” in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (24.5) of subdivision (a) of Section 17852 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations and that meets the pathogen, metals, and physical contamination limits that apply to existing composting facilities.

(j) A local jurisdiction may count up to 10 percent of its recovered organic waste product procurement target with both of the following recovered organic waste products:

(1) Mulch produced from tree trimming operations conducted by the jurisdiction or a service provider operating under contract to the jurisdiction when applied to landscape areas owned or managed by the jurisdiction or given away to residents, if the local jurisdiction does both of the following:

(A) The local jurisdiction provides documentation of the amount of mulch used and distributed, and where it was applied.

(B) The local jurisdiction adopts an ordinance or other enforceable mechanism requiring that mulch be used in a manner that meets the definition of “land application” in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (24.5) of subdivision (a) of Section 17852 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations and that meets the pathogen, metals, and physical contamination limits that apply to existing composting facilities.

(2) Edible food recovered in compliance with Section 18991.1 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations generated from a commercial food generator located within the jurisdiction. The conversion factor to be used to convert tonnage in the annual recovered organic waste product procurement target for each jurisdiction to equivalent amounts of recovered organic waste product shall be one ton of edible food for each ton of organic waste in a recovered organic waste product procurement target.

(3) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to limit the proportion of recovered organic waste products described in subdivision (f) of Section 18993.1 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations, as it read on January 1, 2024, that a jurisdiction can count toward its recovered organic waste procurement target.

(k) To count recovered organic waste products listed in subdivisions (i) and (j) toward its recovered organic waste product procurement target, a local jurisdiction shall comply with applicable regulations.

(l)

(1) Subject to paragraph (2), and until December 31, 2035, the following direct expenditures by a local jurisdiction may count towards its recovered organic waste product procurement target:

(A) Investments for community composting operations serving the jurisdiction, including, but not limited to, an investment made to establish or expand a compostable materials handling operation or community composting operation.

(B) Equipment that is used only to apply compost or mulch, including, and limited to, compost spreaders, drag harrows, chippers, stump grinders, and blowers, if the jurisdiction uses the equipment to spread compost or mulch in compliance with procurement requirements during the same year that the purchase expense is applied toward its recovered organic waste product procurement target.

(C) Development of compost or mulch distribution sites to make free compost and mulch accessible and available to residents.

(2)

(A) The department may determine, in regulations, the appropriate conversion factors for the direct expenditures in paragraph (1). The expenditures may count for up to 10 percent of a jurisdiction’s total procurement target.

(B) Prior to the department’s adoption of regulations to implement this section, the conversion factor shall be twenty-one dollars and thirty-eight cents ($21.38) for each ton of organic waste in a product procurement target.

(m)

(1) One or more local jurisdictions within the same county may determine a local per capita procurement target using information from a local waste characterization study for a period not to exceed five years after the completion of the study. A waste characterization study shall be performed by the local jurisdiction or jurisdictions, which shall apply the results of a study to the total amount of landfill disposal attributed to the local jurisdiction or jurisdictions by the department’s Recycling and Disposal Reporting System.

(2) A waste characterization study may be used if it meets all of the following criteria:

(A) It was performed within the prior five years. This subparagraph does not require a jurisdiction to conduct a local waste characterization study within a specified five-year cycle or to wait for a recalculation of the annual recovered organic waste product procurement target pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 18993.1 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.

(B) It includes all categories of organic waste used in the department’s most recent waste characterization study that was available at the time the waste characterization local study was performed.

(C) It includes a statistically significant sampling of solid waste disposed by the local jurisdiction or jurisdictions for which the local per capita procurement target will be determined.

(D) The geographic boundaries within which the study is conducted shall match the geographic boundaries of the jurisdiction or jurisdictions the local per capita procurement target will be applied to.

(E) It uses the most recent formula for the per capita procurement target developed by the department.

(F) The results of the study are submitted to the department in a form and manner determined by the department.

(3) The department may establish in regulations criteria for approving the methodology of a local waste characterization study.

(n) Commencing January 1, 2027, a local jurisdiction may procure a quantity of recovered organic waste products that meets or exceeds a five-year recovered organic waste product procurement target if the following conditions are met:

(1) On or before January 1, 2027, and on or before January 1 every five years thereafter, the jurisdiction’s five-year recovered organic waste procurement requirement target is calculated by multiplying the annual procurement target by five. The department may grant a jurisdiction approval to begin the five-year period on any January 1 after January 1, 2027.

(2) On or before January 1, 2027, the jurisdiction has notified the department that it intends to comply using a five-year target.

(o) In adopting and revising regulations to implement this section, the department may consider both of the following:

(1) The development and adoption of a conversion factor for one ton of organic waste and one ton of compost applied locally to count towards a local jurisdiction’s organic waste procurement target.

(2) Other pathways to prioritize local use of compost.

(p)

(1) The department may adopt regulations it determines to be necessary to implement and enforce the changes made to this section by Chapter 508 of the Statutes of 2021 as emergency regulations.

(2) Emergency regulations adopted pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be adopted in accordance with Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code, and for purposes of that chapter, including Section 11349.6 of the Government Code, the adoption of these regulations is an emergency and shall be considered by the Office of Administrative Law as necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, safety, and general welfare. Notwithstanding Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code, emergency regulations adopted by the department pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be filed with, but not be repealed by, the Office of Administrative Law and shall remain in effect until January 1, 2024.

(q) In order to reduce emissions from solid waste facilities that may be a potential source of methane emissions, the department, in conjunction with the California Pollution Control Financing Authority and the California Infrastructure and Economic Development Bank, may provide information to the owners and operators of those facilities about financing that may be available to fund facility improvements to increase the capture, or reduce the escape, of methane emissions.

(r) Consistent with the decisions in Scott v. Bd. of Equalization (1996) 50 Cal.App.4th 1597 and Schettler v. County of Santa Clara (1977) 74 Cal.App.3d 990, the free provision, or granting of incentive payments for use, of compost or mulch by a jurisdiction constitutes a public purpose resulting in the public benefits of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing soil productivity and water retention, and facilitating diversion of organic waste and so shall not be construed to be gifts of public funds in violation of Section 6 of Article XVI of the California Constitution. This subdivision does not constitute a change in, but is declaratory of, existing law.

organic waste reduction edible food recovery local jurisdictions ...

Section § 42652.6

This law states that a specific part of California's regulations won't take effect until January 1, 2025. This delay is contingent upon meeting certain conditions outlined in another regulation section and ensuring that, before 2025, no more than 50% of yearly biosolids are disposed of in landfills. Essentially, it's about controlling waste disposal practices within a timeline.

Paragraph (5) of subdivision (h) of Section 18993.1 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations, as that section read on January 1, 2022, does not apply until January 1, 2025, as long as the conditions in paragraphs (1) to (4), inclusive, of subdivision (h) of Section 18993.1 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations are fully met and no more than 50 percent as an annual average of the biosolids produced during the prior calendar year are transported to activities constituting landfill disposal before January 1, 2025.

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Section § 42652.8

This law allows small local jurisdictions in California to apply for a waiver from certain waste disposal regulations if they have fewer than 7,500 people and disposed of under 5,000 tons of solid waste in 2014. They can be exempted until December 1, 2028. To apply, these jurisdictions must provide information proving they meet the criteria and data on their 2014 waste disposal if it wasn't previously reported. Starting January 1, 2027, the department can choose to renew such waivers. A 'local jurisdiction' can be a city, county, or special district.

(a) Notwithstanding any other law or regulation, a local jurisdiction that does not qualify for a waiver pursuant to subdivision (a), (c), or (d) of Section 18984.12 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations, as that section read on January 1, 2023, that disposed of fewer than 5,000 tons of solid waste in 2014, and that has fewer than 7,500 people, qualifies for a waiver until December 1, 2028.

(b) A local jurisdiction seeking a low population waiver pursuant to subdivision (a) shall apply to the department. The application shall include both of the following:

(1) Information that establishes that the local jurisdiction meets the criteria in subdivision (a).

(2) The number of tons of solid waste that the local jurisdiction disposed of in 2014 if the local jurisdiction has not submitted the 2014 data directly to the department’s disposal reporting system in 2014.

(c) Beginning January 1, 2027, the department may, in its discretion, renew a waiver issued pursuant to subdivision (a) in accordance with subdivision (b) of Section 18984.12 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.

(d) For the purposes of this section, “local jurisdiction” includes a city, a county, a city and county, or a special district.

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Section § 42653

This law requires the department to assess how well the waste sector and both state and local governments are doing in meeting organic waste reduction goals for 2020 and 2025. This analysis focuses on the development of new organics recycling facilities, overcoming regulatory challenges, and market conditions for recycled organic products.

If progress is lacking, the department can introduce new incentives or rules to help reach these goals, and may suggest changes to the goals to the Legislature after consulting with stakeholders.

(a) No later than July 1, 2020, the department, in consultation with the State Air Resources Board, shall analyze the progress that the waste sector, state government, and local governments have made in achieving the organic waste reduction goals for 2020 and 2025 established in Section 39730.6 of the Health and Safety Code. The analysis shall include all of the following:

(1) The status of new organics recycling infrastructure development, including the commitment of state funding and appropriate rate increases for solid waste and recycling services to support infrastructure expansion.

(2) The progress in reducing regulatory barriers to the siting of organics recycling facilities and the timing and effectiveness of policies that will facilitate the permitting of organics recycling infrastructure.

(3) The status of markets for the products generated by organics recycling facilities, including cost-effective electrical interconnection and common carrier pipeline injection of digester biomethane and the status of markets for compost, biomethane, and other products from the recycling of organic waste.

(b) If the department determines that significant progress has not been made on the items analyzed pursuant to subdivision (a), the department may include incentives or additional requirements in the regulations described in Section 42652.5 to facilitate progress towards achieving the organic waste reduction goals for 2020 and 2025 established in Section 39730.6 of the Health and Safety Code. The department may, upon consultation with stakeholders, recommend to the Legislature revisions to those organic waste reduction goals.

organic waste reduction organics recycling infrastructure state funding commitment ...

Section § 42654

This law means that local governments in California can create their own rules or regulations related to this chapter, even if those rules go beyond what's already required by state regulations. It allows local authorities to have more control and set stricter standards if they choose.

This chapter shall not limit the authority of a local jurisdiction to adopt, implement, or enforce requirements in addition to those set forth in the regulations adopted pursuant to this chapter.

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Section § 42655

This law section highlights that the department, alongside the State Air Resources Board, is tasked with helping local governments meet the requirements of a specific chapter, including any rules set under Section 42652.5. However, it also clarifies that this assistance does not release local governments from their responsibility to comply with these requirements and regulations on their own.

(a) The department, in consultation with the State Air Resources Board, shall assist local jurisdictions in complying with the requirements of this chapter, including any regulations adopted by the department pursuant to Section 42652.5.

(b) This section does not limit a local government’s obligation to comply with the requirements of this chapter, including any regulations adopted by the department pursuant to Section 42652.5.

local jurisdictions State Air Resources Board compliance assistance ...

Section § 42656

This law requires California's Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery to create a streamlined permitting process by January 1, 2027, for small and medium facilities that handle compostable materials. These facilities must process agricultural, food, and green waste. The goal is to make it easier for local areas to set up such facilities, ensuring that organic waste is used efficiently. There are specific definitions for what constitutes agricultural, food, and green materials, and what qualifies as small or medium compost facilities based on the amount of material they handle.

(a) By January 1, 2027, the Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery shall develop and certify a program environmental impact report pursuant to Section 15168 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations to streamline the permitting process for small and medium compostable material handling facilities or operations in the state that accept agricultural, food, and green materials. The program environmental impact report shall streamline the process with which jurisdictions can develop and site those facilities or operations to ensure organic material in the state is processed to its highest and best use.

(b) For the purposes of this section, all of the following definitions apply:

(1) “Agricultural material” has the same meaning as defined in Section 17852 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.

(2) “Compostable material handling facility or operation” has the same meaning as defined in Section 17852 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.

(3) “Food material” has the same meaning as defined in Section 17852 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.

(4) “Green material” has the same meaning as defined in Section 17852 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations.

(5) “Medium compostable material handling facility or operation” means a facility or operation that handles more than 5,000 and not more than 12,500 cubic yards of material, including feedstock, compost material, additives, amendments, and finished compost at any one time.

(6) “Small compostable material handling facility or operation” means a facility or operation that handles not more than 5,000 cubic yards of material, including feedstock, compost material, additives, amendments, and finished compost at any one time.

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