Section § 1

Explanation

This law is called the Public Resources Code. It doesn't provide details about what it covers; it simply names the code itself.

This act shall be known as the Public Resources Code.

Section § 2

Explanation

This part of the law says that if any sections of the code are similar to current laws on the same topics, they should be seen as updates or continuations of those existing laws, not entirely new laws.

The provisions of this code, in so far as they are substantially the same as existing provisions relating to the same subject matter, shall be construed as restatements and continuations thereof and not as new enactments.

Section § 3

Explanation

If you are currently in a government position that existed under old laws which are now repealed, but your position exists under the new law, you get to keep your job under the same conditions as before.

All persons who, at the time this code goes into effect, hold office under any of the acts repealed by this code, which offices are continued by this code, continue to hold the same according to the former tenure thereof.

Section § 4

Explanation

This section means that if a legal action was started or a right was established before the education code came into effect, those won't be changed by the new code. However, future steps in those cases should follow the new rules as much as they can.

No action or proceeding commenced before this code takes effect, and no right accrued, is affected by the provisions of this code, but all procedure thereafter taken therein shall conform to the provisions of this code so far as possible.

Section § 5

Explanation

This section is about how the rules in the following sections should be interpreted. It says that unless there's a specific situation that requires a different interpretation, the general rules described later will apply to understanding this code.

Unless the context otherwise requires, the general provisions hereinafter set forth shall govern the construction of this code.

Section § 6

Explanation

The titles and headings you see in this law, such as divisions, parts, chapters, articles, or sections, are just for organizing the document. They don't actually change or influence what the law means or how it's applied.

Division, part, chapter, article, and section headings contained herein shall not be deemed to govern, limit, modify or in any manner affect the scope, meaning, or intent of the provisions of any division, part, chapter, article, or section hereof.

Section § 7

Explanation

This law states that if a public official is given a specific power or duty by this code, they can delegate that task to a deputy or someone legally authorized to do it in their place.

Whenever, by the provisions of this code, an administrative power is granted to a public officer or a duty imposed upon such an officer, the power may be exercised or the duty performed by a deputy of the officer or by a person authorized pursuant to law.

Section § 8

Explanation

This law says that any kind of written communication, like a notice, report, or record, must be in a format that can be easily read and understood. Also, these documents have to be in English.

Writing includes any form of recorded message capable of comprehension by ordinary visual means. Whenever any notice, report, statement or record is required by this code, it shall be made in writing in the English language.

Section § 9

Explanation

If a law or code section is mentioned, it's understood to include any current or future changes or additions to that law.

Whenever any reference is made to any portion of this code or of any other law of this State, such reference shall apply to all amendments and additions thereto now or hereafter made.

Section § 10

Explanation

This law section defines "Section" as referring to a part of this specific legal code, unless another law is specifically mentioned.

“Section” means a section of this code unless some other statute is specifically mentioned.

Section § 11

Explanation

This law section means that when interpreting legal documents, the present tense can be understood to include actions or events in the past and future as well. Similarly, when the future tense is used, it can also refer to the present.

The present tense includes the past and future tenses; and the future the present.

Section § 12

Explanation

This law section states that any reference to the masculine gender should also be understood to include the feminine and neuter genders. It means language is interpreted to be gender-inclusive.

The masculine gender includes the feminine and neuter.

Section § 12.2

Explanation

This law clarifies that when California legal language mentions a 'spouse,' it also means a 'registered domestic partner,' ensuring equal treatment under the law.

“Spouse” includes “registered domestic partner,” as required by Section 297.5 of the Family Code.

Section § 13

Explanation

This law means that when you see a word in singular form, it can also mean multiple things, and vice versa. In legal documents, a term written in singular can apply to more than one person or item, and a plural term can refer to just one.

The singular number includes the plural, and the plural the singular.

Section § 14

Explanation

This law simply states that whenever you see the word 'county' in this context, it also means 'city and county.'

“County” includes “city and county.”

Section § 15

Explanation

This legal section clarifies the meaning of two words often used in laws. "Shall" means you must do something, while "may" means you have the option to do it but it's not required.

“Shall” is mandatory and “may” is permissive.

Section § 16

Explanation

This section explains that in the context of this law, whenever someone refers to an 'oath,' it also covers affirmations. This means both sworn oaths and solemn affirmations are considered equivalent.

“Oath” includes affirmation.

Section § 17

Explanation

In cases where a person can't write and uses a mark as a signature, their name must be written nearby by a witness, who also signs their own name. For this mark to be considered an official signature or for legal acknowledgments, two witnesses must sign their names next to it.

“Signature” or “subscription” includes mark when the signer or subscriber can not write, such signer’s or subscriber’s name being written near the mark by a witness who writes his own name near the signer’s or subscriber’s name; but a signature or subscription by mark can be acknowledged or can serve as a signature or subscription to a sworn statement only when two witnesses so sign their own names thereto.

Section § 18

Explanation

If a part of this code is found to be invalid or doesn't apply to a situation or person, the rest of the code still stands and continues to apply to other situations or people without being affected.

If any provison of this code, or the application thereof to any person or circumstances, is held invalid the remainder of the code, and the application of its provisions to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected thereby.