Medical WasteContainment and Storage
Section § 118275
This law outlines how different types of medical waste must be stored and labeled at the place where they're created. It ensures safety and compliance with various regulations.
Medical waste should be kept separate from regular trash. Biohazardous waste must be in labeled biohazard bags. Sharps (like needles) should be in FDA-approved containers with proper labeling. Trace chemotherapy waste must also be segregated and labeled for safety. Pathology waste needs specific labeling to ensure proper treatment.
Pharmaceutical waste has to be managed according to a facility's plan and follow DEA guidelines for controlled substances. Some pharmaceutical waste requires incineration, indicated by labels like “HIGH HEAT” or “INCINERATION ONLY.”
There's an option to combine sharps and pharmaceutical waste if treated to become nonhazardous. When preparing waste for offsite treatment, proper labeling as mentioned in the law is required, but there's no need to date the containers from when waste accumulation began.
Section § 118280
This law talks about how to handle and store biohazardous waste safely and in compliance with regulations. First, biohazard bags should be tightly tied to prevent leaks, and when transporting these offsite, they must meet certain transport requirements. Medical waste must be handled directly at the point of generation and moved to specific storage areas without a secondary container.
Biohazardous waste should be kept in a sturdy, well-labeled container that prevents leaks and meets transport regulations. Waste cannot be disposed of before it has been treated. Those generating over 20 pounds of waste a month must store it properly and may not do so for more than seven days above freezing without special approval. Less waste allows for 30-day storage.
All stored waste at freezing temperatures can remain stored for 90 days, but odors can require faster removal. Pharmaceutical waste has specific rules, differing from general biohazardous waste, with a 90-day onsite storage limit unless otherwise approved.
Section § 118285
This law is about how to properly handle and dispose of sharps waste, which includes items like needles and lancets. It requires that all sharps waste must be placed in a designated sharps container. When the container is full, it must be securely closed or taped shut to prevent any contents from spilling. Also, you cannot store full sharps containers for more than 30 days without permission from the authorities. These containers must be clearly labeled as 'sharps waste' or marked with a biohazard symbol and the word 'BIOHAZARD.'
Section § 118286
In California, you cannot knowingly throw away home-generated sharps waste, like needles, in regular trash cans, recycling bins, or containers for construction debris. Instead, you must use designated sharps containers or other approved containers.
These waste items should be taken to specific places like household hazardous waste facilities, designated sharps collection points, certain medical facilities, or mailed back using approved containers.
Section § 118290
If you generate a small amount of medical waste and have packaged it correctly as specified by the rules, you can store it in a shared facility that has the right permits.
Section § 118295
If you're using rigid containers to hold medical waste, you need to wash and disinfect them every time you empty them, unless you used liners or bags that were removed with the waste. Keep these containers clean and sanitary. To decontaminate them, you have options: wash away visible dirt and then either expose them to hot water at 82°C (180°F) for at least 15 seconds, or dunk or rinse them in a chemical sanitizer for at least three minutes. The chemicals you can use include a hypochlorite solution (like bleach), phenolic solution, iodoform, or a quaternary ammonium solution, each with specific concentrations to ensure proper disinfection.
Section § 118300
If a medical or hazardous waste leak or spill occurs, it must be cleaned up using specific procedures set by the department responsible for health and safety.
Section § 118305
This law states that pails, drums, dumpsters, or bins that are used for medical waste cannot be used for storing regular trash or any other purpose unless they have been properly cleaned as outlined in another section and have all medical waste labels removed.
Section § 118307
This law requires that any medical waste stored temporarily before being moved to its main storage area must be kept in a secure place that is either locked or closely watched. These storage areas need to be clearly marked with a biohazard symbol or specific signs visible from five feet away. However, this rule doesn’t apply to the places where medical waste is initially created.
Section § 118310
This section outlines the requirements for storing medical waste containers securely before they are transported or treated. The storage area must be locked to prevent unauthorized access and have clear warning signs in English and Spanish or another suitable language. These signs should say 'Caution—Biohazardous Waste Storage Area—Unauthorized Persons Keep Out' and be visible from 25 feet away. The storage area must also be protected from animals and weather, and it should not attract or feed insects or rodents.
Section § 118315
This law says that you cannot use a trash chute to dispose of medical waste.
Section § 118320
This law section explains when compactors or grinders can be used for handling medical waste. Generally, they can't be used until the waste is treated and safe. However, they can be used if they are part of an approved treatment method that meets specific safety criteria. These criteria ensure no harmful liquids or pathogens are released during compaction and that personnel are not at risk. The equipment must not interfere with any treatment method and is only approved for use with compatible treatments. Lastly, medical waste in bags or containers should generally not be compacted or placed in portable compactors, unless they meet the approved criteria.