Section § 35781

Explanation

This law sets specific limits on the number of bacteria and somatic cells allowed in market milk, depending on whether it's raw or pasteurized, and how it will be sold. For raw milk sold to consumers, it can't exceed 15,000 bacteria per milliliter and 10 coliform bacteria per milliliter. If meant for pasteurization, raw milk must have less than 50,000 bacteria per milliliter. After lab pasteurization tests, this should drop to 750 bacteria per milliliter.

When pasteurized milk is delivered to consumers, it should not have more than 15,000 bacteria per milliliter or 10 coliform bacteria per milliliter. Raw milk for pasteurization should have no more than 750 coliform bacteria per milliliter. Additionally, after January 1, 1990, the somatic cell count in milk should not exceed 600,000 cells per milliliter. These guidelines are designed to ensure milk quality and safety.

The director has the authority to change these standards if necessary to protect or improve milk quality, following an administrative hearing.

(a)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35781(a) Except as otherwise provided in this article, market milk shall not contain any of the following:
(1)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35781(a)(1) More than 15,000 bacteria per milliliter or more than 10 coliform bacteria per milliliter if to be sold as raw milk to the consumer.
(2)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35781(a)(2) More than 50,000 bacteria per milliliter if to be sold as raw milk for pasteurization or more than 750 bacteria per milliliter after having been subjected to laboratory pasteurization which has a time-temperature equivalent to that required in Section 34001 before pasteurization.
(3)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35781(a)(3) More than 15,000 bacteria per milliliter or more than 10 coliform bacteria per milliliter at time of delivery to the consumer, if pasteurized.
(4)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35781(a)(4) More than 750 coliform bacteria per milliliter in raw milk for pasteurization. Samples shall be taken while the milk is on the premises of the producer.
(5)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35781(a)(5) More than 800,000 somatic cells per milliliter, as determined by direct microscopic somatic cell count, electronic somatic cell count, or optical somatic cell count. After January 1, 1990, the maximum somatic cell count shall be 600,000 somatic cells per milliliter, as determined by the methods specified in this paragraph. This paragraph does not apply to market goat milk.
(b)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35781(b) The director may, by regulation, require different standards for raw market milk for pasteurization from the standards in this section if he or she determines, after an administrative hearing, that the standards are necessary to protect or improve milk quality.

Section § 35781.5

Explanation

If you're a milk producer bringing milk in cans to a plant that processes both high-quality (graded) and lower-quality (ungraded) milk, you need to clearly label each can. The label should show who produced the milk and what grade it is.

A milk producer delivering in cans on delivery to a plant receiving both graded market milk and ungraded market milk or manufacturing milk shall label each can containing market milk as to the producer and grade of such market milk.

Section § 35782

Explanation

This law section requires that all market milk, whether raw or pasteurized, must be cooled to 45 degrees Fahrenheit or lower. The milk must remain at this temperature until it is given to the consumer, with exceptions only as noted in another related section.

Market milk shall be cooled to 45 degrees Fahrenheit or below, whether it is raw or pasteurized, and, except as otherwise provided in Section 35783, shall be so maintained until it is delivered to the consumer.

Section § 35783

Explanation

This law says that market milk must be cooled down to certain temperatures: 50°F within four hours of starting milking and 45°F within two hours of finishing. After milking, the milk's temperature should not go above 50°F, even when transported in bulk. If equipment fails or unusual situations arise, the rules can temporarily be adjusted, but the milk's quality and safety must not be compromised.

Market milk shall be cooled as indicated by a recording thermometer to 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius) or less within four hours of the commencement of the first milking and to 45 degrees Fahrenheit (7 degrees Celsius) or less within two hours of the completion of milking. The blend temperature after the first milking and subsequent milkings, or milk in transit on bulk milk tankers, shall not exceed 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius). The secretary may promulgate regulations to provide for temporary deviations from the requirements of this section that may occur as a result of emergencies arising from equipment failure, or as a result of other unusual circumstances; provided, however, that the quality and safety of the product are not adversely affected.

Section § 35783.1

Explanation

Every dairy farm storage tank that cools or stores milk during milking must have a recording thermometer installed. If the farm uses a pickup tanker instead of a tank, the thermometer should be installed in the pipeline after cooling the milk to 45 degrees Fahrenheit or cooler. These requirements don’t apply to tankers while they're being transported. Standards for installing and using these thermometers will be set by regulations from the secretary.

A recording thermometer shall be installed in each dairy farm milk storage tank used to cool or store market milk during the milking process. If a farm pickup tanker is used in lieu of a dairy farm tank, the recording thermometer shall be installed in the pipeline following an effective cooling device that cools the milk to 45 degrees Fahrenheit (7 degrees Celsius) or less. Nothing in this section shall be construed as meaning that a recording thermometer must be attached when milk tankers are moved over the road. The secretary shall issue regulations providing standards for these thermometers including installation and operation.

Section § 35784

Explanation

When milk is delivered to consumers, it must usually have at least 3.5% fat and at least 8.7% other milk solids. These amounts can vary slightly, by up to 0.1%, as long as the total of fat and solids is at least 12.2%.

Market milk, except as provided in Section 35784.2, at the time of delivery to the consumer, shall contain not less than 3.5 percent of milk fat and not less than 8.7 percent of solids not fat. The minimum percentages of milk fats and solids not fat required by this section may vary by an amount no greater than 0.1 of 1 percent, if the total combined percentages of milk fat and solids not fat, at the time of delivery to the consumer, equals or exceeds 12.2 percent.

Section § 35784.1

Explanation

This law specifies standards for market milk regarding its composition. The milk must have at least 3.5% milk fat and 8.5% solids not fat. These percentages can vary slightly, but the total percentage of milk fat and solids not fat must be at least 12% when delivered to the consumer.

Market milk produced and marketed pursuant to Article 7 (commencing with Section 35921) of this chapter and Sections 35861 and 35891 shall contain not less than 3.5 percent of milk fat and not less than 8.5 percent of solids not fat. The minimum percentages of milk fat and solids not fat required by this section, may vary by an amount no greater than 0.1 of 1 percent, provided that the total combined percentages of milk fat and solids not fat, at the time of delivery to the consumer, shall equal or exceed 12 percent.

Section § 35784.2

Explanation

This law sets specific standards for 6 percent milk sold in California, stating that it must have at least 6% milk fat and 8.7% solids not fat when delivered to consumers. The milk can have a slight variation of 0.1% if the total milk fat and solids equal or exceed 14.7%. The law allows the secretary to set additional standards for 6 percent milk. It also requires that this milk meets all general market milk standards and federal labeling requirements, and it should be labeled "6 percent milk" or "6% milk."

(a)Copy CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35784.2(a)
(1)Copy CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35784.2(a)(1) Notwithstanding any other law, 6 percent milk is a standard of identity and shall contain not less than 6 percent of milk fat and not less than 8.7 percent of solids not fat at the time of delivery to the consumer.
(2)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35784.2(a)(2) The minimum percentages of milk fat and solids not fat prescribed by this section may vary by an amount no greater than 0.1 of 1 percent, if the total combined percentages of milk fat and solids not fat equals or exceeds 14.7 percent at the time of delivery to the consumer.
(b)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35784.2(b) The secretary may establish milk standards for 6 percent milk sold in the state.
(c)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35784.2(c) Six percent milk shall meet all of the following:
(1)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35784.2(c)(1) All the standards and requirements for market milk as specified in this division, except as provided for in subdivision (a).
(2)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35784.2(c)(2) The applicable labeling requirements required pursuant to Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations. The name used on the label shall be “6 percent milk” or “6% milk.”

Section § 35785

Explanation

This law states that market milk must be produced under an approved inspection service or one managed by the director. The milk has to meet the defined standards for its specific grade as outlined in this chapter.

Market milk which is produced for sale under the supervision of an approved milk inspection service, or a milk inspection service which is established and conducted by the director, shall be in conformity with the provisions for the respective grades as defined in this chapter.

Section § 35786

Explanation

This law states that market goat milk can be adjusted to have a minimum milk fat content of 2.8 percent. When the milk is delivered to the consumer, it must also have at least 8.0 percent of solids that are not fat.

Market goat milk may be standardized to a milk fat content of not less than 2.8 percent. Market goat milk at the time of delivery to the consumer shall contain not less than 8.0 percent of solids not fat.

Section § 35787

Explanation

This section of the law explains that if a milk inspection service has been approved or set up under this code, then market milk needs to be categorized into one of three classes: Certified milk, Guaranteed milk, or Grade A milk.

Where a milk inspection service has been approved or established pursuant to this code, market milk shall be graded and designated into one of the following classes:
(a)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35787(a) “Certified milk.”
(b)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35787(b) “Guaranteed milk.”
(c)CA Food And Agriculture Code § 35787(c) “Grade A milk.”

Section § 35788

Explanation

This law makes it illegal for anyone to sell milk labeled as 'guaranteed' or 'grade A' unless it's under the supervision of an approved milk inspection service. This ensures consumers get milk that meets certain quality standards.

It is unlawful for any person to sell any milk as, or under the representation of, guaranteed or grade A milk, except under the supervision of a milk inspection service which is approved by the director or which is established and conducted by the director.