Article 3Retirement Benefits

Section § 25009

Explanation
If you're part of the Defined Benefit Supplement Program in California, your retirement benefit is based on how much is in your account at the time you retire. You can choose to receive this benefit as a single payment, regular monthly payments, or a mix of both. If you take it all in one lump sum, you can't get any more benefits from this program. Also, you can't use a lump sum to buy more service credit or pay back any retirement contributions you previously refunded.
(a)CA Education Code § 25009(a) A member’s retirement benefit under the Defined Benefit Supplement Program shall be an amount equal to the balance of credits in the member’s Defined Benefit Supplement account on the date the retirement benefit becomes payable.
(b)CA Education Code § 25009(b) A retirement benefit shall be a lump-sum payment, or an annuity payable in monthly installments, or a combination of both a lump-sum payment and an annuity, as elected by the member on the application for a retirement benefit. Any retirement benefit paid as an annuity under this chapter shall be subject to Section 25011 or 25011.1.
(c)CA Education Code § 25009(c) Upon distribution of the entire retirement benefit in a lump-sum payment, no other benefit shall be payable to the member or the member’s beneficiary under the Defined Benefit Supplement Program.
(d)CA Education Code § 25009(d) A member may not apply a lump-sum payment made to the member pursuant to this section for any of the following purposes:
(1)CA Education Code § 25009(d)(1) Purchasing service credit pursuant to Chapter 14 (commencing with Section 22800), Chapter 14.2 (commencing with Section 22820), or Chapter 14.5 (commencing with Section 22850).
(2)CA Education Code § 25009(d)(2) Redepositing previously refunded retirement contributions pursuant to Chapter 19 (commencing with Section 23200).
Defined Benefit Supplement Program retirement benefit lump-sum payment monthly installments annuity options service credit purchase redeposit retirement contributions beneficiary benefits balance of credits application for retirement benefit Section 25011 distribution rules member's election unused benefits financial planning retirement
(Amended by Stats. 2007, Ch. 323, Sec. 18. Effective January 1, 2008.)

Section § 25010

Explanation

To get retirement benefits from the Defined Benefit Supplement Program in the system, a member must first stop working and have their employer confirm their employment termination. Additionally, the member has to retire according to specific guidelines and submit a retirement application using the prescribed form. From January 1, 2010, any member who retires must have their application completed to receive their allowance.

(a)CA Education Code § 25010(a) A member who meets the following eligibility requirements shall receive a retirement benefit under the Defined Benefit Supplement Program:
(1)CA Education Code § 25010(a)(1) The member has terminated all employment to perform creditable service subject to coverage by the plan. The member’s employer, or employers if the member has multiple employers, shall certify on a form prescribed by the system that the member’s employment has been terminated.
(2)CA Education Code § 25010(a)(2) The member has retired for service under the Defined Benefit Program pursuant to Chapter 27 (commencing with Section 24201).
(b)CA Education Code § 25010(b) A member shall submit an application for a retirement benefit on a form prescribed by the system.
(c)CA Education Code § 25010(c) A member retiring for service pursuant to Chapter 27 (commencing with Section 24201) on or after January 1, 2010, shall not receive an allowance pursuant to Chapter 27 unless the member has submitted a completed application pursuant to subdivision (b).
retirement benefits Defined Benefit Supplement Program employment termination application form certification by employer retirement eligibility service retirement allowance requirements employment certification retirement application submission
(Amended by Stats. 2009, Ch. 304, Sec. 28. (SB 634) Effective January 1, 2010.)

Section § 25011

Explanation

This section details retirement benefit options for members and their nonmember spouses from the Defined Benefit Supplement account. Members can choose to receive their benefits as an annuity if their account balance is at least $3,500 after lump-sum payouts. They have several annuity options: a single life annuity (with or without cash refund), a 100% or 50% joint and survivor annuity with a 'pop-up' feature, or a period certain annuity. Each option varies in how benefits continue for beneficiaries after the member's death. Nonmember spouses have a limited set of annuity options. Since January 1, 2007, new elections for certain joint and survivor annuities can't be made, except under specific conditions.

(a)CA Education Code § 25011(a) A member or nonmember spouse may elect to receive the retirement benefit as an annuity payable in monthly installments, provided the balance of credits in the member’s or nonmember spouse’s respective Defined Benefit Supplement account on the date the retirement benefit becomes payable equals at least three thousand five hundred dollars ($3,500) after any lump-sum payments have been made from the account.
(b)CA Education Code § 25011(b) If the member elects to receive the retirement benefit as an annuity, the member shall elect one of the following forms of payment:
(1)CA Education Code § 25011(b)(1) A single life annuity without a cash refund feature. This form of payment is the actuarial equivalent of the amount that would be payable to the member if the member elected to receive the retirement benefit in a lump-sum payment. Upon the death of the member, no other benefit shall be payable to the member’s beneficiary under the Defined Benefit Supplement Program.
(2)CA Education Code § 25011(b)(2) A single life annuity with a cash refund feature. This form of payment is the actuarial equivalent of the amount that would be payable to the member if the member elected to receive the retirement benefit in a lump-sum payment. Upon the death of the member, an amount equal to the remaining balance, if any, of credits transferred from the member’s Defined Benefit Supplement account to the Annuitant Reserve shall be returned in a lump-sum payment to the member’s beneficiary.
(3)CA Education Code § 25011(b)(3) A 100-percent joint and survivor annuity with a “pop-up” feature. This form of payment is the actuarial equivalent of the lump-sum payment modified to be payable over the combined lives of the member and the member’s annuity beneficiary. Upon the death of the member, the same monthly amount that was payable to the member shall be paid monthly to the member’s surviving annuity beneficiary. However, if the annuity beneficiary predeceases the member, the annuity payable to the member shall be the single life annuity with a cash refund feature that would have been payable had the member elected that form of payment at the commencement of the benefit. That single life annuity shall be payable as of the day following the date of the annuity beneficiary’s death upon receipt by the system of proof of the annuity beneficiary’s death. If the annuity beneficiary predeceases the member and the member designates a new option beneficiary pursuant to Section 24323, the new option beneficiary shall be the new annuity beneficiary. The effective date shall be six months following the date notification, on a properly executed form, is received by the board, provided both the member and the new annuity beneficiary are then living. The new annuity beneficiary under this paragraph is subject to an actuarial modification of the single life annuity with a cash refund feature and may not result in any additional liability to the fund. The new annuity beneficiary may not be an existing annuity beneficiary.
(4)CA Education Code § 25011(b)(4) A 50-percent joint and survivor annuity with a “pop-up” feature. This form of payment is the actuarial equivalent of the lump-sum payment modified to be payable over the combined lives of the member and the member’s annuity beneficiary. Upon the death of the member, one-half of the monthly amount that was payable to the member shall be paid monthly to the member’s surviving annuity beneficiary. However, if the annuity beneficiary predeceases the member, the annuity payable to the member shall be the single life annuity with a cash refund feature that would have been payable had the member elected that form of payment at the commencement of the benefit. That single life annuity shall be payable as of the day following the date of the annuity beneficiary’s death upon receipt by the system of proof of the annuity beneficiary’s death. If the annuity beneficiary predeceases the member and the member designates a new option beneficiary pursuant to Section 24323, the new option beneficiary shall be the new annuity beneficiary. The effective date shall be six months following the date notification, on a properly executed form, is received by the board, provided both the member and the new annuity beneficiary are then living. The new annuity beneficiary under this paragraph is subject to an actuarial modification of the single life annuity with a cash refund feature and may not result in any additional liability to the fund. The new annuity beneficiary may not be an existing annuity beneficiary.
(5)CA Education Code § 25011(b)(5) A period certain annuity. This form of payment is an annuity equal to the actuarial equivalent of the balance of credits in the member’s Defined Benefit Supplement account on the date the retirement benefit becomes payable. The annuity shall be payable in whole year increments over a period of years specified by the member, from a minimum of three years to a maximum of 10 years subject to life expectancy tables promulgated pursuant to Section 401(a)(9) of the Internal Revenue Code. If the member’s death occurs prior to the end of the period certain, the remaining balance of payments shall be paid to the member’s beneficiary pursuant to Section 25022.
(c)CA Education Code § 25011(c) If a nonmember spouse elects to receive the retirement benefit as an annuity, the nonmember spouse shall elect the form of payment specified in paragraph (1), (2), or (5) of subdivision (b) and, in those paragraphs, references to a “member” shall apply to the nonmember spouse.
(d)CA Education Code § 25011(d) On or after January 1, 2007, a member may not make a new election of a joint and survivor annuity described in subdivision (b), except as provided by subdivision (e) of Section 25011.1.
(e)CA Education Code § 25011(e) Any member with a retirement effective on or after January 1, 2007, shall elect an annuity from the annuities described in Section 25011.1.
retirement benefits annuity options Defined Benefit Supplement single life annuity cash refund feature joint and survivor annuity pop-up feature period certain annuity beneficiary nonmember spouse elect retirement benefit lump-sum payment annuity beneficiary account balance January 1 2007
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 416, Sec. 18. (SB 1165) Effective January 1, 2019.)

Section § 25011.1

Explanation

Under this law, if you have at least $3,500 in your Defined Benefit Supplement account when you retire, you can choose to receive your retirement payments as an annuity rather than a lump sum. You have several options for how the annuity is paid out: just for yourself, or shared with a beneficiary where they continue to receive payments after your death. The options vary based on how much continues to be paid to the beneficiary (100%, 75%, 50%, or for a set period of time). If your designated beneficiary dies before you, you can switch to the member-only annuity, or choose a new beneficiary, with some conditions. Nonmember spouses can only choose certain annuity options. Also, domestic partners are not considered spouses in this context. If there are community property rights involved, any annuity choice must respect those rights.

(a)CA Education Code § 25011.1(a) A member may elect to receive the retirement benefit as an annuity payable in monthly installments, provided the balance of credits in the member’s Defined Benefit Supplement account on the date the retirement benefit becomes payable equals at least three thousand five hundred dollars ($3,500) after any lump-sum payments have been made from the account. If the member elects to receive the retirement benefit as an annuity, the member shall elect one of the following forms of payments:
(1)CA Education Code § 25011.1(a)(1) Member only annuity. This is a single life annuity with a cash refund feature that is the actuarial equivalent of the amount that would be payable to the retired member if the member elected to receive the retirement benefit in a lump-sum payment. Upon the death of the member, an amount equal to the remaining balance of credits, if any, transferred from the member’s Defined Benefit Supplement account to the Annuitant Reserve shall be returned in a lump-sum payment to the beneficiary of the member.
(2)CA Education Code § 25011.1(a)(2) One hundred percent beneficiary annuity. This is a joint and survivor annuity that is the actuarial equivalent of the lump-sum payment modified to be payable over the combined lives of the member and the member’s annuity beneficiary or beneficiaries. Upon the death of the member, 100 percent of the monthly amount that was payable to the member shall be paid monthly to the surviving annuity beneficiary or beneficiaries of the member.
(3)CA Education Code § 25011.1(a)(3) Seventy-five percent beneficiary annuity. This is a joint and survivor annuity that is the actuarial equivalent of the lump-sum payment modified to be payable over the combined lives of the member and the member’s annuity beneficiary. Pursuant to Section 401(a)(9) of the Internal Revenue Code, the member shall not elect this annuity if a beneficiary is more than exactly 19 years younger than the member, unless the beneficiary is the member’s spouse or former spouse and the election is pursuant to a determination of community property rights. Upon the death of the member, 75 percent of the monthly amount that was payable to the member shall be paid monthly to the surviving annuity beneficiary or beneficiaries of the member.
(4)CA Education Code § 25011.1(a)(4) Fifty percent beneficiary annuity. This is a joint and survivor annuity that is the actuarial equivalent of the lump-sum payment modified to be payable over the combined lives of the member and the member’s annuity beneficiary or beneficiaries. Upon the death of the member, 50 percent of the monthly amount that was payable to the member shall be paid monthly to the surviving annuity beneficiary or beneficiaries of the member.
(5)CA Education Code § 25011.1(a)(5) A period certain annuity. This form of payment is an annuity equal to the actuarial equivalent of the balance of credits in the member’s Defined Benefit Supplement account on the date the retirement benefit becomes payable. The annuity shall be payable in whole year increments over a period of years specified by the member, from a minimum of three years to a maximum of 10 years subject to life expectancy tables promulgated pursuant to Section 401(a)(9) of the Internal Revenue Code. If the member’s death occurs prior to the end of the period certain, the remaining balance of payments shall be paid to the member’s beneficiary pursuant to Section 25022.
(b)CA Education Code § 25011.1(b) If an annuity beneficiary designated pursuant to paragraph (2), (3), or (4) of subdivision (a) predeceases the member, the annuity shall be paid to the member as the member only annuity that would have been payable had the member elected that form of payment at the commencement of the benefit. That member only annuity shall be payable as of the day following the date of the annuity beneficiary’s death upon receipt by the system of proof of the annuity beneficiary’s death. If the annuity beneficiary predeceases the member and the member designates a new option beneficiary pursuant to Section 24323, the new option beneficiary shall be the new annuity beneficiary. The effective date shall be six months following the date notification is received by the board, provided both the member and the new annuity beneficiary are then living. Notice to the board of the death of the annuity beneficiary shall be on a properly executed form provided by the system. The new annuity beneficiary under this paragraph is subject to an actuarial modification of the member only annuity and shall not result in any additional liability to the fund. The new annuity beneficiary shall not be an existing annuity beneficiary.
(c)CA Education Code § 25011.1(c) If a nonmember spouse elects to receive the retirement benefit as an annuity, the nonmember spouse shall elect the form of payment specified in paragraph (1) or (5) of subdivision (a) and, in those paragraphs, references to a “member” shall apply to the nonmember spouse.
(d)CA Education Code § 25011.1(d) Notwithstanding Section 297 or 299.2 of the Family Code, a spouse as described in paragraph (3) or (5) of subdivision (a) does not include the domestic partner of the member, pursuant to Section 7 of Title 1 of the United States Code.
(e)CA Education Code § 25011.1(e) If there is a determination of community property rights as described in Chapter 12 (commencing with Section 22650) of this part on or before December 31, 2006, the member may elect the annuity that is required by the judgment or court order. This part does not permit the member to change the annuity to the detriment of the community property interest of the nonmember spouse.
Defined Benefit Supplement account monthly installments member only annuity joint and survivor annuity period certain annuity beneficiary election community property rights domestic partner exclusion lump-sum payment annuity beneficiary annuity modification actuarial equivalent retirement benefit Internal Revenue Code Section 401(a)(9) nonmember spouse
(Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 497, Sec. 40. (AB 991) Effective January 1, 2020.)

Section § 25011.5

Explanation

This section of the law explains how members who have retired can change their annuity plans. They can only switch plans if they fulfill certain conditions: it's during a specified time period (January 1, 2007, to July 1, 2007), they choose the same beneficiary as their previous plan, neither they nor their beneficiary have a known terminal illness, and their beneficiary hasn't passed away by the effective date of the change. If the member wants to switch back to their old plan, they can do so within 30 days of receiving acknowledgment of their new election. Any change has to be made on official forms submitted to the system headquarters in time, and must not create extra financial liability for the plan. Also, any changes cannot interfere with a spouse's community property rights according to court orders.

(a)CA Education Code § 25011.5(a) A member who retired and elected an annuity pursuant to Section 25011 may elect to change annuities, subject to all of the following:
(1)CA Education Code § 25011.5(a)(1) A member who elected a single life annuity with or without a cash refund feature or elects a period certain annuity may not change his or her annuity.
(2)CA Education Code § 25011.5(a)(2) A member who elected an annuity under paragraph (3) or (4) of subdivision (a) of Section 25011 may elect an annuity under paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 25011.1.
(3)CA Education Code § 25011.5(a)(3) The election by the member under this section is made on or after January 1, 2007, and prior to July 1, 2007.
(4)CA Education Code § 25011.5(a)(4) The member designates the same beneficiary that was designated under the prior annuity election by the member, if the annuity and annuity designation was effective on December 31, 2006.
(5)CA Education Code § 25011.5(a)(5) The member and the annuity beneficiary are not afflicted with a known terminal illness and the member declares, under penalty of perjury under the laws of this state, that to the best of his or her knowledge, he or she and the annuity beneficiary are not afflicted with a known terminal illness.
(6)CA Education Code § 25011.5(a)(6) The annuity beneficiary has not predeceased the member as of the effective date of the change in the annuity by the member.
(b)CA Education Code § 25011.5(b) The change in the annuity by the member shall be effective on the date the election is signed, provided that the election is on a properly executed form provided by the system and that election is received at the system’s headquarters office within 30 days after the date the election is signed.
(c)CA Education Code § 25011.5(c) After receipt of a member’s election document, the system shall mail an acknowledgment notice to the member that sets forth the new annuity elected by the member.
(d)CA Education Code § 25011.5(d) If the member and the annuity beneficiary are alive and not afflicted with a known terminal illness, a member may cancel the election to change annuities and elect to receive the benefit according to the preexisting annuity election. After cancellation, the member may elect to make a one-time change from the preexisting annuity to any other annuity provided by and subject to the restrictions of paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4) of subdivision (a). The cancellation or the cancellation and one-time change shall be made on a properly executed form provided by the system and shall be received at the system’s headquarters office no later than 30 calendar days following the date of mailing of the acknowledgment notice. If the member elects to make the one-time change provided by this subdivision, the change shall be effective as of the member’s signature date on the initial election to change.
(e)CA Education Code § 25011.5(e) If the system is unable to mail an acknowledgment notice to the member on or before June 1, 2007, or prior to the end of the election period, provided that the member and the annuity beneficiary are alive and not afflicted with a known terminal illness, the system shall allow a member to cancel the election to change annuities and elect to receive the benefit according to the preexisting annuity election. After cancellation, the member may elect to make a one-time change from the preexisting annuity to any other annuity provided by and subject to the restrictions of paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4) of subdivision (a). The cancellation or the cancellation and one-time change may be made after the end of the election period if it is made on a properly executed form provided by the system and is received at the system’s headquarters office no later than 30 calendar days following the date of mailing of the acknowledgment notice. If the member elects to make the one-time change provided by this subdivision, the change shall be effective as of the member’s signature date on the initial election to change.
(f)CA Education Code § 25011.5(f) If the member elects to change his or her annuity as described in subdivision (a), the annuity of the member shall be modified in a manner determined by the board to prevent any additional liability to the plan.
(g)CA Education Code § 25011.5(g) References to a “member” in paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) shall apply to the nonmember spouse.
(h)CA Education Code § 25011.5(h) The member shall not change annuities in derogation of a spouse’s or former spouse’s community property rights as specified in a court order.
change annuity plans retirement beneficiary designation terminal illness condition acknowledgment notice preexisting annuity election one-time change community property rights court order signature date election period system headquarters financial liability spouse rights
(Amended by Stats. 2013, Ch. 558, Sec. 48. (AB 1379) Effective January 1, 2014.)

Section § 25011.6

Explanation

This section addresses changes to retirement annuities for members who designated a same-sex spouse or former spouse as a beneficiary. Members can alter their annuity type, depending on the age difference between them and their same-sex spouse. Such changes must occur within a specified timeframe, from July 1, 2015, to December 31, 2015. The law allows for switching to different annuity options and setting effective dates for changes accordingly. Members must use official forms and adhere to deadlines. Any changes should not violate a spouse's property rights. Members are allowed to cancel and make one subsequent change, ensuring no extra liability to the plan.

(a)CA Education Code § 25011.6(a) A member who retired and elected a beneficiary annuity pursuant to Section 25011.1 with his or her same-sex spouse or same-sex former spouse designated as annuity beneficiary pursuant to Section 25015 may elect to change his or her annuity subject to the following:
(1)CA Education Code § 25011.6(a)(1) A member who elected the 100 percent beneficiary annuity or the 50 percent beneficiary annuity may elect to change his or her beneficiary annuity to the 75 percent beneficiary annuity described in paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 25011.1, provided the member’s same-sex spouse or same-sex former spouse is more than exactly 19 years younger than the member.
(2)Copy CA Education Code § 25011.6(a)(2)
(A)Copy CA Education Code § 25011.6(a)(2)(A) A member who elected the compound option described in paragraph (4) of subdivision (a) of Section 24300.1 may elect to change his or her beneficiary annuity to the 100 percent beneficiary annuity described in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 25011.1, or the 75 percent beneficiary annuity described in paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 25011.1, provided the member’s same-sex spouse or same-sex former spouse is more than exactly 10 years younger than the member under the 100 percent beneficiary annuity, or more than exactly 19 years younger than the member under the 75 percent beneficiary annuity.
(B)CA Education Code § 25011.6(a)(2)(A)(B) Any change made pursuant to this paragraph shall be subject to the requirements and restrictions of Section 25015.
(3)CA Education Code § 25011.6(a)(3) The annuity change made by the member pursuant to this section is made on or after July 1, 2015, and on or before December 31, 2015.
(4)CA Education Code § 25011.6(a)(4) The member married a same-sex spouse, the marriage is or was recognized by the United States government, any state government, or any foreign government, and his or her same-sex spouse or same-sex former spouse was designated as his or her annuity beneficiary prior to July 1, 2015.
(5)CA Education Code § 25011.6(a)(5) The same-sex spouse or same-sex former spouse is a current annuity beneficiary, and the same annuity beneficiary or beneficiaries that were designated for the prior annuity elected by the member remain.
(6)CA Education Code § 25011.6(a)(6) The annuity beneficiary or beneficiaries have not predeceased the member as of the effective date of the annuity change made by the member pursuant to this section.
(b)CA Education Code § 25011.6(b) The annuity change made by a member pursuant to subdivision (a) shall be deemed effective as of the effective date of the prior annuity election or June 26, 2013, whichever is later.
(c)CA Education Code § 25011.6(c) The annuity change made by the member pursuant to subdivision (a) shall be on a properly executed form provided by the system subject to the following requirements:
(1)CA Education Code § 25011.6(c)(1) The form is signed and dated by the member and the member’s spouse, if applicable, on or after July 1, 2015, and on or before December 31, 2015.
(2)CA Education Code § 25011.6(c)(2) The date the form is received at the system’s headquarters office is within 30 calendar days after the date of the member’s signature and within 30 calendar days after the date of the spouse’s signature, if applicable.
(d)CA Education Code § 25011.6(d) After receipt of a member’s election, the system shall mail an acknowledgment notice to the member that sets forth the new annuity elected by the member.
(e)CA Education Code § 25011.6(e) A member may cancel an annuity change made pursuant to subdivision (a) and elect to receive his or her benefit according to his or her prior annuity election provided the requirements of paragraphs (5) and (6) of subdivision (a) are still met. The cancellation shall become effective as of the date of the initial annuity change pursuant to subdivision (b) subject to the following requirements:
(1)CA Education Code § 25011.6(e)(1) The cancellation is made on a properly executed form provided by the system.
(2)CA Education Code § 25011.6(e)(2) The form includes the signatures of the member and his or her spouse, if applicable, and the signatures are dated.
(3)CA Education Code § 25011.6(e)(3) The form is received at the system’s headquarters office within 30 calendar days after the date of the acknowledgment notice described in subdivision (d), regardless of whether the form is received after December 31, 2015.
(f)CA Education Code § 25011.6(f) A member may cancel an initial annuity change made pursuant to subdivision (a) and elect to make one subsequent change from his or her prior annuity election to any other annuity provided by and subject to the restrictions of subdivision (a). The subsequent change shall become effective as of the date of the initial annuity change pursuant to subdivision (b) and subject to the following requirements:
(1)CA Education Code § 25011.6(f)(1) The cancellation and subsequent change are made on a properly executed form provided by the system.
(2)CA Education Code § 25011.6(f)(2) The form includes the signatures of the member and his or her spouse, if applicable, and the signatures are dated.
(3)CA Education Code § 25011.6(f)(3) The form is received at the system’s headquarters office within 30 calendar days after the date of the acknowledgment notice described in subdivision (d), regardless of whether the form is received after December 31, 2015.
(g)CA Education Code § 25011.6(g) If a member elects to change his or her annuity pursuant to subdivision (a) or (f), the member’s annuity shall be modified in a manner determined by the board to prevent any additional liability to the plan.
(h)CA Education Code § 25011.6(h) A member shall not change his or her annuity in derogation of a spouse’s or former spouse’s community property rights as specified in a court order.
beneficiary annuity same-sex spouse retirement annuity change age difference requirement effective date official form submission acknowledgment notice annuity cancellation subsequent change community property rights designated beneficiary annuity modification system headquarters office compound option timeframe July 1 2015 December 31 2015
(Added by Stats. 2014, Ch. 755, Sec. 70. (SB 1220) Effective January 1, 2015.)