General Corporation LawGeneral Provisions Relating to Dissolution
Section § 2000
This law outlines how a corporation in California can avoid being dissolved if a lawsuit for involuntary dissolution or a vote for voluntary dissolution occurs. If shareholders owning 50% or more of the voting power want to prevent the dissolution, they can buy the shares of the initiators of the dissolution at their fair value, which is based on the company's liquidation value. If there's a disagreement on the share value, the court will appoint appraisers to determine it. Buyers must pay the determined value within a set time to stop the dissolution. If they don't pay, dissolution proceeds, and costs may be awarded to the initiators. Beneficial owners with certain agreements are also considered shareholders under this law, and the date for valuing shares is set at the start of dissolution proceedings unless the court decides otherwise.
Section § 2001
This section explains what the directors or other court-appointed persons can do once a corporation starts dissolving. They can elect officers, hire agents or attorneys, and manage the business until it's closed. They can fulfill contracts, handle debts and claims, both for and against the corporation, and deal with lawsuits. They also have the right to sell the corporation's assets and collect unpaid shares or illegal distributions. Essentially, they oversee everything needed to officially close down the corporation.
Section § 2002
Section § 2003
If there's confusion about who the directors of a corporation are, or if they can't or won't do their job, or no one knows where they are, anyone with an interest can ask a court to figure out who the directors are or to appoint new ones to close down the corporation.
Section § 2004
When a corporation is closing down, and all debts are paid or covered, the board must share the remaining assets with shareholders based on their rights. If there are no shareholders, assets go to whoever is entitled. If a court is involved, the board must wait until the court's deadline for claims against the corporation has passed before distributing assets.
Section § 2005
This law explains how a company can ensure its debts are covered if it knows or doesn't know where the creditor is. Debts are considered taken care of if a reliable company, person, or government guarantees to pay them, as long as the company's board believes this solution is sufficient at the time of asset distribution. Alternatively, the debt can be taken care of by depositing the owed amount as described in another section. It also states that these are not the only ways to handle debts.
Section § 2006
This section states that when a corporation distributes its assets, it can do so in the form of money, property, or securities. The distribution can happen all at once or over time, as long as it's fair to everyone involved and follows what the company's founding documents and the shareholders' rights say. These distributions should occur as soon as possible while still allowing for a smooth winding up of the company.
Section § 2007
This section talks about how a corporation that's shutting down can distribute its remaining assets if it has both preferred and common shares. A plan that doesn't follow the preferences of preferred shares can be made if both the board and shareholders agree. If approved, it affects all shareholders, but those with liquidation preferences who don't agree can ask for cash instead by sending a written request within 30 days of being notified. If there are demands for cash, the board can decide to cancel the plan, letting all shareholders receive assets according to their rights. This rule doesn't apply if the asset distribution follows a pre-approved reorganization plan.
Section § 2008
This section explains that if there are any shareholders or creditors who are unknown, cannot be found, or do not claim their payment, a corporation can deposit that money with the Controller. This is done so those who are legally entitled can claim it later with proof. If there's a dispute over stock ownership or the amount owed is unclear, the corporation can also deposit the contested amounts with the Controller. Once deposited, these funds are managed according to certain procedures in the Civil Code and can be claimed by rightful owners under those rules.
Section § 2009
This law deals with the situation where a corporation is being closed down and assets are given to shareholders without paying off all the company’s debts. If this happens, the corporation can take back the assets from shareholders. Creditors, who are owed money, can sue in the corporation's name to recover these assets. Shareholders who have to return more than their fair share of the improperly distributed assets can demand that other shareholders contribute to making things right. "Winding up" means formally ending a business, including distributing assets before closing.
Section § 2010
Even if a corporation is officially closed or dissolved, it still exists to wrap up any remaining business. This means it can still be involved in legal actions, pay off debts, sell property, and distribute assets, but it can't continue doing normal business activities. Any legal cases that involve the corporation won't stop just because the corporation has dissolved. If there are any assets that were missed during the winding-up process, they stay with the corporation until they're properly distributed to the rightful parties.
Section § 2011
This section explains what happens with lawsuits against a company that has dissolved. If someone wants to sue such a company, they can only go after its remaining assets or, if assets were distributed, the shareholders up to their share. Lawsuits must be started within the legal time limit or within four years after the company dissolved, whichever comes first. Shareholders can be sued as if they're part of the company for procedural reasons. For serving legal papers, if no company leaders can be found, you can deliver them to the Secretary of State. This law ensures that dissolved companies can still be involved in certain legal disputes, like those affecting property titles, and details how notifications between parties should work.