Section § 13400

Explanation

This section gives the official name of this part of the law, which is the “Moscone-Knox Professional Corporation Act.” It doesn’t explain what the act does, just what it’s called.

This part shall be known and may be cited as the “Moscone-Knox Professional Corporation Act.”

Section § 13401

Explanation

This section explains the meanings of several terms related to professional corporations in California. 'Professional services' are those that require special licenses or certifications, like those in medicine or law. A 'professional corporation' is a company that provides these services in one field and follows certain registration rules, although some professionals like doctors or nurses don't need extra certificates. A 'foreign professional corporation' is one from another state that offers similar services. A 'licensed person' is someone officially allowed to provide these services, while a 'disqualified person' cannot, due to legal issues.

As used in this part:
(a)CA Corporations Code § 13401(a) “Professional services” means any type of professional services that may be lawfully rendered only pursuant to a license, certification, or registration authorized by the Business and Professions Code, the Chiropractic Act, or the Osteopathic Act.
(b)CA Corporations Code § 13401(b) “Professional corporation” means a corporation organized under the General Corporation Law or pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 13406 that is engaged in rendering professional services in a single profession, except as otherwise authorized in Section 13401.5, pursuant to a certificate of registration issued by the governmental agency regulating the profession as herein provided and that in its practice or business designates itself as a professional or other corporation as may be required by statute. However, any professional corporation or foreign professional corporation rendering professional services by persons duly licensed by the Medical Board of California or any examining committee under the jurisdiction of the board, the Podiatric Medical Board of California, the Osteopathic Medical Board of California, the Dental Board of California, the Dental Hygiene Board of California, the California State Board of Pharmacy, the Veterinary Medical Board, the California Architects Board, the Court Reporters Board of California, the Board of Behavioral Sciences, the Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology and Hearing Aid Dispensers Board, the Board of Registered Nursing, the State Board of Optometry, or the California Board of Occupational Therapy shall not be required to obtain a certificate of registration in order to render those professional services.
(c)CA Corporations Code § 13401(c) “Foreign professional corporation” means a corporation organized under the laws of a state of the United States other than this state that is engaged in a profession of a type for which there is authorization in the Business and Professions Code for the performance of professional services by a foreign professional corporation.
(d)CA Corporations Code § 13401(d) “Licensed person” means any natural person who is duly licensed under the provisions of the Business and Professions Code, the Chiropractic Act, or the Osteopathic Act to render the same professional services as are or will be rendered by the professional corporation or foreign professional corporation of which the person is, or intends to become, an officer, director, shareholder, or employee.
(e)CA Corporations Code § 13401(e) “Disqualified person” means a licensed person who for any reason becomes legally disqualified (temporarily or permanently) to render the professional services that the particular professional corporation or foreign professional corporation of which they are an officer, director, shareholder, or employee is or was rendering.

Section § 13401.3

Explanation

This section expands the meaning of 'professional services' to include services that require a special license, certification, or registration under the Yacht and Ship Brokers Act, which governs yacht and ship brokerage services.

As used in this part, “professional services” also means any type of professional services that may be lawfully rendered only pursuant to a license, certification, or registration authorized by the Yacht and Ship Brokers Act (Article 2 (commencing with Section 700) of Chapter 5 of Division 3 of the Harbors and Navigation Code).

Section § 13401.5

Explanation

This law explains which licensed professionals are allowed to own shares, hold positions, or work in certain professional corporations. It specifies that certain professionals, like nurses or chiropractors, can own up to 49% of a professional corporation's shares. The law lists different types of professional corporations, such as medical or audiology corporations, and details which licensed professionals can be involved with each type. The law assures that employment is not restricted only to the licensed professionals mentioned.

Notwithstanding subdivision (d) of Section 13401 and any other provision of law, the following licensed persons may be shareholders, officers, directors, or professional employees of the professional corporations designated in this section so long as the sum of all shares owned by those licensed persons does not exceed 49 percent of the total number of shares of the professional corporation so designated herein, and so long as the number of those licensed persons owning shares in the professional corporation so designated herein does not exceed the number of persons licensed by the governmental agency regulating the designated professional corporation. This section does not limit employment by a professional corporation designated in this section to only those licensed professionals listed under each subdivision. Any person duly licensed under Division 2 (commencing with Section 500) of the Business and Professions Code, the Chiropractic Act, or the Osteopathic Act may be employed to render professional services by a professional corporation designated in this section.
(a)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a) Medical corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(1) Licensed doctors of podiatric medicine.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(2) Licensed psychologists.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(3) Registered nurses.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(4) Licensed optometrists.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(5) Licensed marriage and family therapists.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(6) Licensed clinical social workers.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(7) Licensed physician assistants.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(8) Licensed chiropractors.
(9)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(9) Licensed acupuncturists.
(10)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(10) Naturopathic doctors.
(11)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(11) Licensed professional clinical counselors.
(12)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(12) Licensed physical therapists.
(13)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(13) Licensed pharmacists.
(14)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(14) Licensed midwives.
(15)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(a)(15) Licensed occupational therapists.
(b)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(b) Podiatric medical corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(b)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(b)(2) Licensed psychologists.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(b)(3) Registered nurses.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(b)(4) Licensed optometrists.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(b)(5) Licensed chiropractors.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(b)(6) Licensed acupuncturists.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(b)(7) Naturopathic doctors.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(b)(8) Licensed physical therapists.
(c)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c) Psychological corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c)(2) Licensed doctors of podiatric medicine.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c)(3) Registered nurses.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c)(4) Licensed optometrists.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c)(5) Licensed marriage and family therapists.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c)(6) Licensed clinical social workers.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c)(7) Licensed chiropractors.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c)(8) Licensed acupuncturists.
(9)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c)(9) Naturopathic doctors.
(10)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c)(10) Licensed professional clinical counselors.
(11)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(c)(11) Licensed midwives.
(d)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(d) Speech-language pathology corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(d)(1) Licensed audiologists.
(e)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(e) Audiology corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(e)(1) Licensed speech-language pathologists.
(f)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f) Nursing corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(2) Licensed doctors of podiatric medicine.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(3) Licensed psychologists.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(4) Licensed optometrists.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(5) Licensed marriage and family therapists.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(6) Licensed clinical social workers.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(7) Licensed physician assistants.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(8) Licensed chiropractors.
(9)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(9) Licensed acupuncturists.
(10)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(10) Naturopathic doctors.
(11)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(11) Licensed professional clinical counselors.
(12)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(f)(12) Licensed midwives.
(g)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(g) Marriage and family therapist corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(g)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(g)(2) Licensed psychologists.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(g)(3) Licensed clinical social workers.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(g)(4) Registered nurses.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(g)(5) Licensed chiropractors.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(g)(6) Licensed acupuncturists.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(g)(7) Naturopathic doctors.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(g)(8) Licensed professional clinical counselors.
(9)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(g)(9) Licensed midwives.
(h)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(h) Licensed clinical social worker corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(h)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(h)(2) Licensed psychologists.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(h)(3) Licensed marriage and family therapists.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(h)(4) Registered nurses.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(h)(5) Licensed chiropractors.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(h)(6) Licensed acupuncturists.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(h)(7) Naturopathic doctors.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(h)(8) Licensed professional clinical counselors.
(i)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(i) Physician assistants corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(i)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(i)(2) Registered nurses.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(i)(3) Licensed acupuncturists.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(i)(4) Naturopathic doctors.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(i)(5) Licensed midwives.
(j)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(j) Optometric corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(j)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(j)(2) Licensed doctors of podiatric medicine.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(j)(3) Licensed psychologists.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(j)(4) Registered nurses.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(j)(5) Licensed chiropractors.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(j)(6) Licensed acupuncturists.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(j)(7) Naturopathic doctors.
(k)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k) Chiropractic corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k)(2) Licensed doctors of podiatric medicine.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k)(3) Licensed psychologists.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k)(4) Registered nurses.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k)(5) Licensed optometrists.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k)(6) Licensed marriage and family therapists.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k)(7) Licensed clinical social workers.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k)(8) Licensed acupuncturists.
(9)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k)(9) Naturopathic doctors.
(10)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k)(10) Licensed professional clinical counselors.
(11)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(k)(11) Licensed midwives.
(l)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l) Acupuncture corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(2) Licensed doctors of podiatric medicine.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(3) Licensed psychologists.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(4) Registered nurses.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(5) Licensed optometrists.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(6) Licensed marriage and family therapists.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(7) Licensed clinical social workers.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(8) Licensed physician assistants.
(9)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(9) Licensed chiropractors.
(10)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(10) Naturopathic doctors.
(11)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(11) Licensed professional clinical counselors.
(12)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(l)(12) Licensed midwives.
(m)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m) Naturopathic doctor corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(2) Licensed psychologists.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(3) Registered nurses.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(4) Licensed physician assistants.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(5) Licensed chiropractors.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(6) Licensed acupuncturists.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(7) Licensed physical therapists.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(8) Licensed doctors of podiatric medicine.
(9)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(9) Licensed marriage and family therapists.
(10)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(10) Licensed clinical social workers.
(11)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(11) Licensed optometrists.
(12)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(12) Licensed professional clinical counselors.
(13)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(m)(13) Licensed midwives.
(n)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(n) Dental corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(n)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(n)(2) Dental assistants.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(n)(3) Registered dental assistants.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(n)(4) Registered dental assistants in extended functions.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(n)(5) Registered dental hygienists.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(n)(6) Registered dental hygienists in extended functions.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(n)(7) Registered dental hygienists in alternative practice.
(o)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(o) Professional clinical counselor corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(o)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(o)(2) Licensed psychologists.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(o)(3) Licensed clinical social workers.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(o)(4) Licensed marriage and family therapists.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(o)(5) Registered nurses.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(o)(6) Licensed chiropractors.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(o)(7) Licensed acupuncturists.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(o)(8) Naturopathic doctors.
(9)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(o)(9) Licensed midwives.
(p)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p) Physical therapy corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p)(2) Licensed doctors of podiatric medicine.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p)(3) Licensed acupuncturists.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p)(4) Naturopathic doctors.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p)(5) Licensed occupational therapists.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p)(6) Licensed speech-language therapists.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p)(7) Licensed audiologists.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p)(8) Registered nurses.
(9)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p)(9) Licensed psychologists.
(10)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p)(10) Licensed physician assistants.
(11)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(p)(11) Licensed midwives.
(q)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(q) Registered dental hygienist in alternative practice corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(q)(1) Registered dental assistants.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(q)(2) Licensed dentists.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(q)(3) Registered dental hygienists.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(q)(4) Registered dental hygienists in extended functions.
(r)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r) Licensed midwifery corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r)(2) Licensed psychologists.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r)(3) Registered nurses.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r)(4) Licensed marriage and family therapists.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r)(5) Licensed clinical social workers.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r)(6) Licensed physician assistants.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r)(7) Licensed chiropractors.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r)(8) Licensed acupuncturists.
(9)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r)(9) Licensed naturopathic doctors.
(10)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r)(10) Licensed professional clinical counselors.
(11)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(r)(11) Licensed physical therapists.
(s)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s) Occupational therapy corporation.
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(1) Licensed physicians and surgeons.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(2) Licensed doctors of podiatric medicine.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(3) Licensed acupuncturists.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(4) Naturopathic doctors.
(5)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(5) Licensed physical therapists.
(6)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(6) Licensed speech-language therapists.
(7)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(7) Licensed audiologists.
(8)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(8) Registered nurses.
(9)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(9) Licensed psychologists.
(10)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(10) Licensed physician assistants.
(11)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(11) Licensed midwives.
(12)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(12) Licensed clinical social workers.
(13)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(13) Licensed marriage and family therapists.
(14)CA Corporations Code § 13401.5(s)(14) Licensed occupational therapy assistants.

Section § 13402

Explanation

This section clarifies that certain existing or future corporations that can legally offer professional services under other codes don't have to follow this specific part of the law. It also states that just because a corporation conducts business with a state-issued license or registration doesn't automatically make it a professional corporation, unless it's defined as one. This means that a regular corporation, even if they perform the same activities, isn't considered a professional corporation based on their license alone.

(a)CA Corporations Code § 13402(a) This part shall not apply to any corporation now in existence or hereafter organized which may lawfully render professional services other than pursuant to this part, nor shall anything herein contained alter or affect any right or privilege, whether under any existing or future provision of the Business and Professions Code or otherwise, in terms permitting or not prohibiting performance of professional services through the use of any form of corporation permitted by the General Corporation Law.
(b)CA Corporations Code § 13402(b) The conduct of a business in this state by a corporation pursuant to a license or registration issued under any state law, except laws relating to taxation, shall not be considered to be the conduct of a business as a professional corporation if the business is conducted by, and the license or registration is issued to, a corporation which is not a professional corporation within the meaning of this part, whether or not a professional corporation could conduct the same business, or portions of the same business, as a professional corporation.

Section § 13403

Explanation

This law explains how general corporation laws apply to professional corporations unless there's a conflict. If a corporation has one shareholder, that person acts as the sole director, president, and treasurer. In a two-shareholder setup, both serve as directors and fill the main officer roles. Professional medical corporations can set rules for picking and removing directors and their duties, with terms not going beyond three years. However, larger medical corporations with over 200 shareholders can have some directors serve six-year terms, with limitations on board composition.

The provisions of the General Corporation Law shall apply to professional corporations, except where such provisions are in conflict with or inconsistent with the provisions of this part. A professional corporation which has only one shareholder need have only one director who shall be such shareholder and who shall also serve as the president and treasurer of the corporation. The other officers of the corporation in such situation need not be licensed persons. A professional corporation which has only two shareholders need have only two directors who shall be such shareholders. The two shareholders between them shall fill the offices of president, vice president, secretary and treasurer.
A professional medical corporation may establish in its articles or bylaws the manner in which its directors are selected and removed, their powers, duties, and compensation. Each term of office may not exceed three years. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the articles or bylaws of a professional medical corporation with more than 200 shareholders may provide that directors who are officers of the corporation or who are responsible for the management of all medical services at one or more medical centers may have terms of office, as directors, of up to six years; however, no more than 50 percent of the members of the board, plus one additional member of the board, may have six-year terms of office.

Section § 13404

Explanation

This section explains that a corporation in California can be established as a professional corporation under certain guidelines. To do this, it must include a statement in its founding documents that identifies it as such. Additionally, a professional corporation cannot provide services without a valid certificate of registration from the relevant regulatory agency, which is required under various professional regulations.

A corporation may be formed under the General Corporation Law or pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 13406 for the purposes of qualifying as a professional corporation in the manner provided in this part and rendering professional services. The articles of incorporation of a professional corporation shall contain a specific statement that the corporation is a professional corporation within the meaning of this part. Except as provided in subdivision (b) of Section 13401, no professional corporation shall render professional services in this state without a currently effective certificate of registration issued by the governmental agency regulating the profession in which such corporation is or proposes to be engaged, pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Business and Professions Code or the Chiropractic Act expressly authorizing such professional services to be rendered by a professional corporation.

Section § 13404.5

Explanation

This law explains how a foreign professional corporation can do business in California. To operate in the state, the foreign corporation must comply with California laws for foreign corporations, including filing specific statements and getting the right registrations for the type of professional services they will provide. The corporation must also follow liability requirements set by California for shareholders in the same profession, meaning they can't avoid personal liability if it's required. When applying to do business, they must acknowledge being subject to California's jurisdiction and liability rules like local corporations are.

(a)CA Corporations Code § 13404.5(a) A foreign professional corporation may qualify as a foreign corporation to transact intrastate business in this state in accordance with Chapter 21 (commencing with Section 2100) of Division 1. A foreign professional corporation shall be subject to the provisions of the General Corporation Law applicable to foreign corporations, except where those provisions are in conflict with or inconsistent with the provisions of this part. The statement and designation filed by the foreign professional corporation pursuant to Section 2105 shall contain a specific statement that the corporation is a foreign professional corporation within the meaning of this part.
(b)CA Corporations Code § 13404.5(b) No foreign professional corporation shall render professional services in this state without a currently effective certificate of registration issued by the governmental agency regulating the profession in which that corporation proposes to be engaged, pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Business and Professions Code expressly authorizing those professional services to be rendered by a foreign professional corporation.
(c)CA Corporations Code § 13404.5(c) If the California board, commission, or other agency that prescribes the rules or regulations governing a particular profession either now or hereafter requires that the shareholders of the professional corporation bear any degree of personal liability for the acts of the corporation, either by personal guarantee or in some other form that the governing agency prescribes, the shareholders of a foreign corporation that has been qualified to do business in this state in the same profession shall, as a condition of doing business in this state, be subject, with regard to the rendering of professional services by the professional corporation in California, or for California residents, to the same degree of personal liability, if any, as is prescribed by the governing agency for shareholders of a California professional corporation rendering services in the same profession.
(d)CA Corporations Code § 13404.5(d) Each application by a foreign professional corporation to qualify to do business in this state shall contain the following statement:
“The shareholders of the undersigned foreign professional corporation shall be subject, with regard to the rendering of professional services by the professional corporation in California, or for California residents, to the same degree of personal liability, if any, in California as is from time to time prescribed by the agency governing the profession in this state for shareholders in a California professional corporation rendering services in the same profession. This application accordingly constitutes a submission to the jurisdiction of the courts of California to the same extent, but only to the same extent, as applies to the shareholders of a California professional corporation in the same profession. The foregoing submission to jurisdiction is a condition of qualification to do business in this state.”

Section § 13405

Explanation

This law explains that professional corporations in California can provide their services, but only through employees with the necessary professional licenses. These corporations can hire people without licenses, but those people cannot perform the professional services. Professional corporations can also provide services outside California, provided their employees are licensed in those jurisdictions. Occasionally, professional services in other locations might be allowed if certain conditions are met. Similarly, foreign professional corporations can operate in California if their local employees are licensed. Importantly, this law does not change existing rules regarding lawyers practicing across state lines, such as temporary practice permissions and deposition rules.

(a)CA Corporations Code § 13405(a) Subject to the provisions of Section 13404, a professional corporation may lawfully render professional services in this state, but only through employees who are licensed persons. The corporation may employ persons not so licensed, but such persons shall not render any professional services rendered or to be rendered by that corporation in this state. A professional corporation may render professional services outside of this state, but only through employees who are licensed to render the same professional services in the jurisdiction or jurisdictions in which the person practices. Nothing in this section is intended to prohibit the rendition of occasional professional services in another jurisdiction as an incident to the licensee’s primary practice, so long as it is permitted by the governing agency that regulates the particular profession in the jurisdiction. Nothing in this section is intended to prohibit the rendition of occasional professional services in this state as an incident to a professional employee’s primary practice for a foreign professional corporation qualified to render professional services in this state, so long as it is permitted by the governing agency that regulates the particular profession in this state.
(b)CA Corporations Code § 13405(b) Subject to Section 13404.5, a foreign professional corporation qualified to render professional services in this state may lawfully render professional services in this state, but only through employees who are licensed persons, and shall render professional services outside of this state only through persons who are licensed to render the same professional services in the jurisdiction or jurisdictions in which the person practices. The foreign professional corporation may employ persons in this state who are not licensed in this state, but those persons shall not render any professional services rendered or to be rendered by the corporation in this state.
(c)CA Corporations Code § 13405(c) Nothing in this section or in this part is intended to, or shall, augment, diminish or otherwise alter existing provisions of law, statutes or court rules relating to services by a California attorney in another jurisdiction, or services by an out-of-state attorney in California. These existing provisions, including, but not limited to, admission pro hac vice and the taking of depositions in a jurisdiction other than the one in which the deposing attorney is admitted to practice, shall remain in full force and effect.

Section § 13406

Explanation

If you're in a professional corporation, you can only distribute shares to someone licensed in your profession, or else the shares are considered invalid. Financial statements of such corporations are confidential unless required for legal proceedings. Shareholders can't give their voting power to someone who's not also a shareholder. However, a professional law corporation can be set up as a nonprofit if it meets specific criteria, like serving mostly low-income clients and having its directors and members all licensed to practice law in California. These nonprofits can't work on contingency fees. If they meet these and additional criteria, they're also excused from some professional corporation filing requirements.

(a)CA Corporations Code § 13406(a) Subject to the provisions of subdivision (b), shares of capital stock in a professional corporation may be issued only to a licensed person or to a person who is licensed to render the same professional services in the jurisdiction or jurisdictions in which the person practices, and any shares issued in violation of this restriction shall be void. Unless there is a public offering of securities by a professional corporation or by a foreign professional corporation in this state, its financial statements shall be treated by the Commissioner of Financial Protection and Innovation as confidential, except to the extent that such statements shall be subject to subpoena in connection with any judicial or administrative proceeding, and may be admissible in evidence therein. A shareholder of a professional corporation or of a foreign professional corporation qualified to render professional services in this state shall not enter into a voting trust, proxy, or any other arrangement vesting another person (other than another person who is a shareholder of the same corporation) with the authority to exercise the voting power of any or all of the shareholder’s shares, and any purported voting trust, proxy, or other arrangement shall be void.
(b)CA Corporations Code § 13406(b) A professional law corporation may be incorporated as a nonprofit public benefit corporation under the Nonprofit Public Benefit Corporation Law under either of the following circumstances:
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13406(b)(1) The corporation is a qualified legal services project or a qualified support center within the meaning of subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 6213 of the Business and Professions Code.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13406(b)(2) The professional law corporation otherwise meets all of the requirements and complies with all of the provisions of the Nonprofit Public Benefit Corporation Law, as well as all of the following requirements:
(A)CA Corporations Code § 13406(b)(2)(A) All of the members of the corporation, if it is a membership organization as described in the Nonprofit Corporation Law, are persons licensed to practice law in California.
(B)CA Corporations Code § 13406(b)(2)(B) All of the members of the professional law corporation’s board of directors are persons licensed to practice law in California.
(C)CA Corporations Code § 13406(b)(2)(C) Seventy percent of the clients to whom the corporation provides legal services are lower income persons as defined in Section 50079.5 of the Health and Safety Code, and to other persons who would not otherwise have access to legal services.
(D)CA Corporations Code § 13406(b)(2)(D) The corporation shall not enter into contingency fee contracts with clients.
(c)CA Corporations Code § 13406(c) A professional law corporation incorporated as a nonprofit public benefit corporation that is a recipient in good standing as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 6213 of the Business and Professions Code shall be deemed to have satisfied all of the filing requirements of a professional law corporation under Sections 6161.1, 6162, and 6163 of the Business and Professions Code.

Section § 13407

Explanation

This law deals with the rules about who can own shares in a professional corporation or foreign professional corporation that provides professional services in California. Shares can only be transferred to certain people: licensed individuals, other shareholders of the same corporation, or other licensed professionals in the right jurisdiction. If the rules are broken, the transfer is invalid. A company can buy back its shares as long as there's at least one share still out there. If a shareholder becomes ineligible to provide services or dies, the corporation must handle their shares within a specific timeframe, or it risks having its registration suspended or revoked. Additionally, there are special rules allowing certain individuals to employ dentists temporarily after a dentist dies or becomes incapacitated, with specific conditions in place for up to 12 months.

Shares in a professional corporation or a foreign professional corporation qualified to render professional services in this state may be transferred only to a licensed person, to a shareholder of the same corporation, to a person licensed to practice the same profession in the jurisdiction or jurisdictions in which the person practices, or to a professional corporation, and any transfer in violation of this restriction shall be void, except as provided herein.
A professional corporation may purchase its own shares without regard to any restrictions provided by law upon the repurchase of shares, if at least one share remains issued and outstanding.
If a professional corporation or a foreign professional corporation qualified to render professional services in this state shall fail to acquire all of the shares of a shareholder who is disqualified from rendering professional services in this state or of a deceased shareholder who was, on his or her date of death, licensed to render professional services in this state, or if such a disqualified shareholder or the representative of such a deceased shareholder shall fail to transfer said shares to the corporation, to another shareholder of the corporation, to a person licensed to practice the same profession in the jurisdiction or jurisdictions in which the person practices, or to a licensed person, within 90 days following the date of disqualification, or within six months following the date of death of the shareholder, as the case may be, then the certificate of registration of the corporation may be suspended or revoked by the governmental agency regulating the profession in which the corporation is engaged. In the event of such a suspension or revocation, the corporation shall cease to render professional services in this state.
Notwithstanding any provision in this part, upon the death or incapacity of a dentist, any individual named in subdivision (a) of Section 1625.3 of the Business and Professions Code may employ licensed dentists and dental assistants and charge for their professional services for a period not to exceed 12 months from the date of death or incapacity of the dentist. The employment of licensed dentists and dental assistants shall not be deemed the practice of dentistry within the meaning of Section 1625 of the Business and Professions Code, provided that all of the requirements of Section 1625.4 of the Business and Professions Code are met. If an individual listed in Section 1625.3 of the Business and Professions Code is employing licensed persons and dental assistants, then the shares of a deceased or incapacitated dentist shall be transferred as provided in this section no later than 12 months from the date of death or incapacity of the dentist.

Section § 13408

Explanation

This law explains the reasons why a professional corporation's or foreign professional corporation's certification can be suspended or taken away in California. It can happen if all the licensed shareholders become disqualified, if a sole shareholder becomes disqualified, or if the corporation knowingly employs disqualified individuals. Other reasons include violating rules set by regulatory agencies or breaking laws specific to professional corporations. If the certification is suspended or revoked, the corporation must immediately stop providing professional services in the state.

The following shall be grounds for the suspension or revocation of the certificate of registration of a professional corporation or a foreign professional corporation qualified to render professional services in this state: (a) if all shareholders who are licensed persons of such corporation shall at any one time become disqualified persons, or (b) if the sole shareholder shall become a disqualified person, or (c) if such corporation shall knowingly employ or retain in its employment a disqualified person, or (d) if such corporation shall violate any applicable rule or regulation adopted by the governmental agency regulating the profession in which such corporation is engaged, or (e) if such corporation shall violate any statute applicable to a professional corporation or to a foreign professional corporation, or (f) any ground for such suspension or revocation specified in the Business and Professions Code relating to the profession in which such corporation is engaged. In the event of such suspension or revocation of its certificate of registration such corporation shall cease forthwith to render professional services in this state.

Section § 13408.5

Explanation

A professional corporation in California must not violate laws or rules about unfair practices like fee splitting or kickbacks by doctors or psychologists. If it does, its registration could be suspended or revoked. Authorities can report suspected violations to the agency that oversees the profession.

A professional corporation shall not be formed so as to cause any violation of law, or any applicable rules and regulations, relating to fee splitting, kickbacks, or other similar practices by physicians and surgeons or psychologists, including, but not limited to, Section 650 or subdivision (e) of Section 2960 of the Business and Professions Code. A violation of any such provisions shall be grounds for the suspension or revocation of the certificate of registration of the professional corporation. The Commissioner of Financial Protection and Innovation or the Director of the Department of Managed Health Care may refer any suspected violation of those provisions to the governmental agency regulating the profession in which the corporation is, or proposes to be engaged.

Section § 13409

Explanation

In California, professional corporations, both local and foreign, can choose their business names according to specific laws or regulations tied to their professions. To ensure compliance, the Secretary of State might ask for proof, like an affidavit, to confirm the name fits legal requirements. These facts in the affidavit can be accepted as sufficient proof of compliance.

(a)CA Corporations Code § 13409(a) Subject to Section 201, a professional corporation may adopt any name permitted by a law expressly applicable to the profession in which the corporation is engaged or by a rule or regulation of the governmental agency regulating that profession. The Secretary of State may require proof by affidavit or otherwise establishing that the name of the professional corporation complies with the requirements of this section and of the law governing the profession in which that professional corporation is engaged. The statements of fact in those affidavits may be accepted by the Secretary of State as sufficient proof of the facts.
(b)CA Corporations Code § 13409(b) Subject to Section 201, a foreign professional corporation qualified to render professional services in this state may transact intrastate business in this state by any name permitted by a law expressly applicable to the profession in which the corporation is engaged, or by a rule or regulation of the governmental agency regulating the rendering of professional services in this state by the corporation. The Secretary of State may require proof by affidavit or otherwise establishing that the name of the foreign professional corporation qualified to render professional services in this state complies with the requirements of this section and of the law governing the profession in which the foreign professional corporation qualified to render professional services in this state proposes to engage in this state. The statements of fact in those affidavits may be accepted by the Secretary of State as sufficient proof of the facts.

Section § 13410

Explanation

This law section sets rules for professional corporations and foreign professional corporations providing services in California. These corporations must follow the professional practice rules set by the state, and they are subject to disciplinary actions by the relevant regulatory agencies. The law ensures that the standards for professional conduct and the client-professional relationships are maintained. For foreign corporations, it also mandates that regulatory agencies create rules to prevent disqualified individuals from owning shares, being involved in management, performing services in their licensed field, or sharing in corporate income.

(a)CA Corporations Code § 13410(a) A professional corporation or a foreign professional corporation qualified to render professional services in this state shall be subject to the applicable rules and regulations adopted by, and all the disciplinary provisions of the Business and Professions Code expressly governing the practice of the profession in this state, and to the powers of, the governmental agency regulating the profession in which such corporation is engaged. Nothing in this part shall affect or impair the disciplinary powers of any such governmental agency over licensed persons or any law, rule or regulation pertaining to the standards for professional conduct of licensed persons or to the professional relationship between any licensed person furnishing professional services and the person receiving such services.
(b)CA Corporations Code § 13410(b) With respect to any foreign professional corporation qualified to render professional services in this state, each such governmental agency shall adopt rules, regulations, and orders as appropriate to restrict or prohibit any disqualified person from doing any of the following:
(1)CA Corporations Code § 13410(b)(1) Being a shareholder, director, officer, or employee of the corporation.
(2)CA Corporations Code § 13410(b)(2) Rendering services in any profession in which he or she is a disqualified person.
(3)CA Corporations Code § 13410(b)(3) Participating in the management of the corporation.
(4)CA Corporations Code § 13410(b)(4) Sharing in the income of the corporation.