Section § 481.010

Explanation

This law states that the definitions provided in this chapter should be used to interpret and understand the rules and terms in this title, except when a specific provision or situation requires a different interpretation.

Unless the provision or context otherwise requires, the definitions in this chapter govern the construction of this title.

Section § 481.020

Explanation

This law states that the term "account debtor" refers to the definition provided in another section of the Commercial Code, specifically Section 9102(a)(3). It's essentially pointing you to look there for a detailed explanation.

“Account debtor” means “account debtor” as defined in paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 9102 of the Commercial Code.

Section § 481.030

Explanation
This law clarifies that an 'account receivable' is referred to as 'account' according to another specific section of the Commercial Code.
“Account receivable” means “account” as defined in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 9102 of the Commercial Code.

Section § 481.040

Explanation

This law section explains that 'chattel paper' is defined by referring to a specific definition found in another part of the Commercial Code. Essentially, it's pointing you to go look there for the detailed explanation of what 'chattel paper' means.

“Chattel paper” means “chattel paper” as defined in paragraph (11) of subdivision (a) of Section 9102 of the Commercial Code.

Section § 481.055

Explanation

In this law, 'costs' refer to the money spent on legal proceedings, covering things like fees, charges, commissions, and expenses as defined by law.

“Costs” means costs and disbursements, including, but not limited to, statutory fees, charges, commissions, and expenses.

Section § 481.060

Explanation

This law section clarifies that the term 'complaint' also covers 'cross-complaints.' So, whenever you see 'complaint,' it means both the original complaint and any counter-complaints filed during the case.

“Complaint” includes a cross-complaint.

Section § 481.070

Explanation

This law clarifies that whenever the term “defendant” is used, it also refers to a “cross-defendant,” which is someone against whom a claim is made in reaction to the original lawsuit.

“Defendant” includes a cross-defendant.

Section § 481.080

Explanation

This section refers to the definition of 'deposit account' as described in another part of the law, specifically in the Commercial Code.

“Deposit account” means “deposit account” as defined in paragraph (29) of subdivision (a) of Section 9102 of the Commercial Code.

Section § 481.090

Explanation

This section defines a 'document of title' using another specific definition from the Commercial Code. It also clarifies that a document of title is considered 'negotiable' if another section of the Commercial Code says it is.

“Document of title” means “document” as defined in paragraph (30) of subdivision (a) of Section 9102 of the Commercial Code. A document of title is negotiable if it is negotiable within the meaning of Section 7104 of the Commercial Code.

Section § 481.100

Explanation

This section defines "equipment" as physical property that a defendant owns and uses mainly for their trade, business, or profession, but which is not considered inventory or farm products.

“Equipment” means tangible personal property in the possession of the defendant and used or bought for use primarily in the defendant’s trade, business, or profession if it is not included in the definitions of inventory or farm products.

Section § 481.110

Explanation

This law explains what is considered a 'farm product' for legal purposes. It includes crops, livestock, and items produced on a farm like milk or eggs, as long as they are not processed into a different form. If something is classified as a farm product, it's not regarded as equipment or inventory.

“Farm products” means crops or livestock or supplies used or produced in farming operations or products of crops or livestock in their unmanufactured states (such as ginned cotton, wool clip, maple syrup, milk, and eggs), while in the possession of a defendant engaged in raising, fattening, grazing, or other farming operations. If tangible personal property is a farm product, it is neither equipment nor inventory.

Section § 481.113

Explanation

This law defines what a 'financial institution' is, including types like banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, and companies involved in the safe deposit business.

“Financial institution” means a state or national bank, state or federal savings and loan association or credit union, or like organization, and includes a corporation engaged in a safe deposit business.

Section § 481.115

Explanation

This law section defines 'general intangibles' as a type of right to payment, based on how that term is described in another part of the Commercial Code.

“General intangibles” means “general intangibles,” as defined in paragraph (42) of subdivision (a) of Section 9102 of the Commercial Code, consisting of rights to payment.

Section § 481.117

Explanation

The term “instrument” in this context refers to the definition given in another part of the law, specifically Section 9102 of the Commercial Code. To understand what constitutes an “instrument,” you need to look at the definition provided there.

“Instrument” means “instrument” as defined in paragraph (47) of subdivision (a) of Section 9102 of the Commercial Code.

Section § 481.120

Explanation

This law explains what "inventory" means when someone owes money. It refers to physical items a person owns, either to sell them, lease them, or use them in their business. This can include things like raw materials or work being processed, but it doesn't count as tools or equipment.

“Inventory” means tangible personal property in the possession of a defendant that (a) is held by the defendant for sale or lease or to be furnished under contracts of service or (b) is raw materials, work in process, or materials used or consumed in his trade, business, or profession. Inventory of a person is not to be classified as his equipment.

Section § 481.140

Explanation

"Levying officer" refers to the sheriff or marshal assigned to carry out a court order or writ.

“Levying officer” means the sheriff or marshal who is directed to execute a writ or order issued under this title.

Section § 481.170

Explanation

This law defines the term "person" to not only mean an individual human being but also includes organizations like corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies, and public entities.

“Person” includes a natural person, a corporation, a partnership or other unincorporated association, a limited liability company, and a public entity.

Section § 481.175

Explanation

This law explains that 'personal property' covers both physical items you can touch and things that don't have a physical form, like stocks or intellectual property.

“Personal property” includes both tangible and intangible personal property.

Section § 481.180

Explanation

This law defines the term “plaintiff” as someone who starts a lawsuit by filing a complaint or cross-complaint.

“Plaintiff” means a person who files a complaint or cross-complaint.

Section § 481.190

Explanation

This law section explains that a claim is considered to have 'probable validity' if there's a better than 50% chance that the person who filed the lawsuit (the plaintiff) will win against the person being sued (the defendant).

A claim has “probable validity” where it is more likely than not that the plaintiff will obtain a judgment against the defendant on that claim.

Section § 481.195

Explanation

This law defines 'property' as including both real property, like land and buildings, and personal property, which can be things like cars or jewelry. It also covers any interest you might have in such property, like a mortgage or a lease.

“Property” includes real and personal property and any interest therein.

Section § 481.200

Explanation

This section defines what is considered a 'public entity' in California. It includes the state government, the University of California Regents, counties, cities, districts, public authorities, public agencies, and other political organizations or public corporations.

“Public entity” includes the state, the Regents of the University of California, a county, a city, district, public authority, public agency, and any other political subdivision or public corporation in the state.

Section § 481.203

Explanation

This law states that real property covers any rights associated with real estate. It doesn’t just mean owning land or a building; it also includes things like renting or leasing such property.

“Real property” includes any right in real property, including, but not limited to, a leasehold interest in real property.

Section § 481.205

Explanation
A 'registered process server' is someone who is officially registered to serve legal documents, according to specific rules found in the Business and Professions Code starting at Section 22350.
“Registered process server” means a person registered as a process server pursuant to Chapter 16 (commencing with Section 22350) of Division 8 of the Business and Professions Code.

Section § 481.207

Explanation
This section clarifies that the term 'secured party' has the same meaning as in a specific part of the Commercial Code, which outlines what a party with a security interest in a transaction is.
“Secured party” means “secured party” as defined in paragraph (73) of subdivision (a) of Section 9102 of the Commercial Code.

Section § 481.210

Explanation

This law section defines the term "security" by referring to the definition provided in another section of the Commercial Code.

“Security” means a “security” as defined by Section 8102 of the Commercial Code.

Section § 481.220

Explanation

This section simply says that the term "security agreement" in this context uses the same definition as the one found in another part of the law, specifically the Commercial Code.

“Security agreement” means a “security agreement” as defined by paragraph (74) of subdivision (a) of Section 9102 of the Commercial Code.

Section § 481.223

Explanation

The term 'security interest' is used here in the same way it is described in another part of the law called Section 1201 of the Commercial Code. To fully understand it, you would need to look at that section.

“Security interest” means “security interest” as defined in Section 1201 of the Commercial Code.

Section § 481.225

Explanation
This section defines 'tangible personal property' to include items like documents representing value, negotiable instruments, financial securities, and actual cash.
“Tangible personal property” includes chattel paper, documents of title, instruments, securities, and money.