Actions in Particular CasesValidating Proceedings
Section § 860
This law allows a public agency to ask a court to officially confirm the validity of a particular issue or matter that the agency is authorized to handle. The agency has 60 days to do this after recognizing the issue. The court action is focused on resolving the matter itself, rather than involving individuals directly.
Section § 861
This law explains how to notify everyone involved in a legal case when it takes place. It says that you can let people know by publishing a summons in a local newspaper chosen by the court, especially within the area where the public agency is involved. If there's no newspaper in that county, you can use one from a neighboring area. Also, before finishing the newspaper notices, the agency must try to inform people by mail or other methods as ordered by the court.
Section § 861.1
This law describes the contents and distribution of a legal summons for anyone interested in a particular legal matter. The summons needs to be directed to 'all persons interested' and include a notice that they can challenge the legality of the issue by filing a written response by a specific deadline—at least 10 days after the summons is published. It must summarize the issue being addressed and clarify that those who contest the matter won’t face penalties like wage garnishment or property seizure. The summons should generally follow a standard form, unless specified otherwise.
Section § 862
Once the deadline mentioned in the summons passes, the court's authority over the case is finalized. Before that deadline, anyone with a stake in the case can show up in court to challenge the legal issues in question.
Section § 863
This law allows any person with a vested interest to challenge the validity of a public agency's action if the agency hasn't already started a legal process on the matter. This must happen within a specific timeframe and court as stated in another section. The public agency becomes the defendant and must be formally notified. The person challenging must follow certain notification procedures, including publishing a notice, and prove they've done so on time. If not done within 60 days, the case gets dismissed unless there's a valid reason.
Section § 864
This law says that certain financial commitments like bonds, warrants, contracts, and debts are considered to exist as soon as they're officially approved. For bonds and warrants, they are authorized when the public agency's governing body adopts a resolution or law allowing their issuance. For contracts, they're authorized when a resolution or law approves the contract and allows it to be executed.
Section § 865
If there are multiple lawsuits about the same type of issue that can be dealt with under this law, they should be combined into a single trial.
Section § 866
This law means that during a court case, the judge can ignore minor mistakes or missed steps if they don't actually impact the important rights of the people involved in the case.
Section § 867
This law says that certain cases need to be heard faster than others in court. When these specific cases are scheduled for a hearing or trial, they get priority, meaning the court should deal with them quickly so they can be decided promptly.
Section § 867.5
If a government agency starts a legal action and then decides to drop the case after someone has responded, that person has 30 days to start their own case on the same issue. However, this rule doesn't apply if the agency officially cancels its decision on the matter being validated.
Section § 868
This law section explains that the court has the power to decide who pays the legal costs in a case. The court can either split the costs between the parties involved or make the losing party pay all the costs, depending on what the court thinks is fair.
Section § 869
This law section states that only a public agency or its representatives can contest matters under this chapter, and they must do so within a specific time and manner set by the rules in the chapter. It also says that even though the law provides a particular remedy for these agencies, they're not stopped from using other legal options, like a mandamus, to check if something is valid.
Section § 870
If a judgment is made and no one appeals, or it's confirmed on appeal, it becomes final and binding forever on everyone involved, preventing any future lawsuits on the same issues. To appeal such a judgment, you must file a notice within 30 days after it's entered. If there's no one opposing the appeal, you can only challenge whether the court had the right to make a decision at all.
Section § 870.5
This law requires that if a local public agency in California wants to use tax revenues collected by another public agency to pay off bonds or other financial obligations, it must notify the agency that originally imposed the taxes when it starts any legal action to validate these financial arrangements.