With relation to the laws passed at the 1872 Session of the Legislature, the Political Code, Civil Code, Code of Civil Procedure, and Penal Code, shall be construed as though each had been passed on the first day of the session.
Effect of the 1872 Codes
Section § 23
This law states that certain key legal codes from the 1872 legislative session should be interpreted as if they were all enacted on the first day of that session. This means that for legal purposes, they are considered to have the same start date.
1872 legislative session interpretation of codes enactment date
Section § 23.1
In cases where laws passed at the 1872 Legislative Session in California conflict with the provisions of the four main legal codes also created in that year, the laws that are inconsistent take precedence over the codes.
The provisions of any law passed at the 1872 Session of the Legislature which contravene or are inconsistent with the provisions of any of the four codes passed at the 1872 Session prevail.
1872 Legislative Session inconsistent laws four codes
Section § 23.2
This law means that when interpreting the four codes mentioned, they should be viewed as if they were created simultaneously and are all part of one single law. This helps ensure that the codes are consistent and work together smoothly.
With relation to each other, the provisions of the four codes shall be construed as though all such codes had been passed at the same moment of time and were parts of the same statute.
code interpretation consistent interpretation simultaneous passage
Section § 23.3
This law states that if there is a conflict between the rules of two different sections of the law, each section's rules apply only to matters related specifically to its own subject matter.
If the provisions of any title conflict with or contravene the provisions of another title, the provisions of each title shall prevail as to all matters and questions arising out of the subject matter of the title.
conflicting legal provisions title conflict subject matter jurisdiction
Section § 23.4
This law states that if there is a conflict between two chapters within the same title, the rules of each chapter will apply to issues related to its own subject matter.
If the provisions of any chapter conflict with or contravene the provisions of another chapter of the same title, the provisions of each chapter shall prevail as to all matters and questions arising out of the subject matter of the chapter.
chapter conflict provisions conflict subject matter priority
Section § 23.5
If one article in a chapter disagrees with another article in the same chapter, each article will govern its own subject matter. Essentially, each article stands on its own regarding the issues it covers, even if they conflict.
If the provisions of any article conflict with or contravene the provisions of another article of the same chapter, the provisions of each article shall prevail as to all matters and questions arising out of the subject matter of the article.
conflicting article provisions contradictory legal articles article governance
Section § 23.6
If two parts of the same chapter or article contradict each other, the rule that comes later takes priority, unless that interpretation doesn't make sense within the overall context of the chapter or article.
If conflicting provisions are found in different sections of the same chapter or article, the provisions of the sections last in numerical order shall prevail, unless such construction is inconsistent with the meaning of the chapter or article.
conflicting provisions numerical order interpretation
