Section § 36931

Explanation
本节规定,任何市条例都必须以“____市市议会特此制定如下:”这一短语开头。这是制定市级法律的一项正式要求。

Section § 36932

Explanation
本法律条文规定,市政条例必须由市长签署并由市书记官确认。如果电子签名符合特定规则,市书记官可以相信其合法性。本法律的近期修改不会改变书记官验证其他数字或电子签名的方式。

Section § 36933

Explanation

这项法律规定了市政府必须采取的步骤,以告知公众新的条例。市议会通过一项法律后,必须在15天内公布或张贴,并列出哪些议会成员投了赞成票或反对票。这可以通过在城市报纸上刊登条例或在没有报纸的情况下将其张贴在公共场所来完成。在某些情况下,可以公布摘要或四分之一页的广告,而不是完整的条例。

此外,法律允许任何公众成员请求提前通知拟议条例。此通知必须在议会做出决定前至少五天发送。这些通知可以通过邮件或电子邮件发送。市政府可以为此项服务收取费用,并可能要求每年续订请求。如果有人没有收到通知,只要条例是妥善通过的,就不会影响其有效性。

(a)CA 政府 Code § 36933(a) Within 15 days after its passage, the city clerk shall cause each ordinance to be published at least once, with the names of those city council members voting for and against the ordinance, in a newspaper of general circulation published and circulated in the city, or if there is none, he or she shall cause it to be posted in at least three public places in the city or published in a newspaper of general circulation printed and published in the county and circulated in the city. In cities incorporated less than one year, the city council may determine whether ordinances are to be published or posted. Ordinances shall not be published in a newspaper if the charge exceeds the customary rate charged by the newspaper for publication of private legal notices, but these ordinances shall be posted in the manner and at the time required by this section.
(b)CA 政府 Code § 36933(b) Except as provided in Section 36937, an ordinance shall not take effect or be valid unless it is published or posted in substantially the manner and at the time required by this section.
(c)CA 政府 Code § 36933(c) The publication or posting of ordinances, as required by subdivision (a), may be satisfied by either of the following actions:
(1)CA 政府 Code § 36933(c)(1) The city council may publish a summary of a proposed ordinance or proposed amendment to an existing ordinance. The summary shall be prepared by an official designated by the city council. A summary shall be published and a certified copy of the full text of the proposed ordinance or proposed amendment shall be posted in the office of the city clerk at least five days prior to the city council meeting at which the proposed ordinance or amendment or alteration thereto is to be adopted. Within 15 days after adoption of the ordinance or amendment, the city council shall publish a summary of the ordinance or amendment with the names of those city council members voting for and against the ordinance or amendment and the city clerk shall post in the office of the city clerk a certified copy of the full text of the adopted ordinance or amendment along with the names of those city council members voting for and against the ordinance or amendment; or
(2)CA 政府 Code § 36933(c)(2) If the city official designated by the city council determines that it is not feasible to prepare a fair and adequate summary of the proposed or adopted ordinance or amendment, and if the city council so orders, a display advertisement of at least one-quarter of a page in a newspaper of general circulation in the city shall be published at least five days prior to the city council meeting at which the proposed ordinance or amendment or alteration thereto is to be adopted. Within 15 days after adoption of the ordinance or amendment, a display advertisement of at least one-quarter of a page shall be published. The advertisement shall indicate the general nature of, and provide information about, the proposed or adopted ordinance or amendment, including information sufficient to enable the public to obtain copies of the complete text of the ordinance or amendment, and the names of those city council members voting for and against the ordinance or amendment.
(d)Copy CA 政府 Code § 36933(d)
(1)Copy CA 政府 Code § 36933(d)(1) Any member of the public may file with the city clerk, or any other person designated by the governing body to receive these requests, a request for notice of specific proposed ordinances or proposed amendments to ordinances.
(2)CA 政府 Code § 36933(d)(2) Notice pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be mailed or otherwise transmitted at least five days before the council is scheduled to take action on the proposed ordinances or proposed amendments to an ordinance. Notice may be given by written notice properly mailed or by e-mail if the requesting member of the public provides an e-mail address. Notice may be in the form specified in either paragraph (1) or (2) of subdivision (c), as determined by the city council.
(3)CA 政府 Code § 36933(d)(3) As an alternative to providing notice as requested of specific proposed ordinances or proposed amendments to ordinances, the city clerk, or other person designated by the governing body, may place the requesting member of the public on a general mailing list that gives timely notice of all governing body public meetings at which proposed ordinances or proposed amendments to ordinances may be heard, as provided in Section 54954.1. If this alternative is selected, the requesting member of the public shall be so advised.
(4)CA 政府 Code § 36933(d)(4) The city may charge a fee that is reasonably related to the costs of providing notice pursuant to this subdivision. The city may require each request to be annually renewed.
(5)CA 政府 Code § 36933(d)(5) Failure of the requesting person to receive the information pursuant to this subdivision shall not constitute grounds for any court to invalidate an otherwise properly adopted ordinance or amendment to an ordinance.

Section § 36933.1

Explanation
这项法律允许加州人口少于2,500居民的小城市简化其更新地方法律的流程。这些城市无需在每次修改时都公布所有现有和新法律,而是可以通过引用关于法律如何以引用方式通过的条款来更新其法典。改变这些法典的新法律仍必须按照常规规定公布。

Section § 36934

Explanation

这项法律规定,法规(即政府机构制定的法律或规章)不能在提出后的五天内通过,并且必须在例会期间通过。如果情况紧急,法规可以在例会或特别会议上立即通过。通常,法规在提出或通过时必须全文宣读,除非标题此前已被宣读并向公众提供。如果法规在提出后被修改,则必须在至少五天后举行的例会或延期会议上通过。简单的更正,例如修正错别字,不被视为需要重新计时(即重新计算通过时间)的修改。

法规不得在其提出后五天内通过,也不得在例会或延期例会之外通过。但是,紧急法规可在提出后立即通过,且可在例会或特别会议上通过。除非在宣读标题后,经多数票通过的常规动议免除进一步宣读,否则所有法规应在提出或通过时全文宣读;但如果标题已列入公布的议程,并且法规全文的副本在提出或通过前的会议上已在线和以印刷形式向公众提供,则无需宣读标题或法规。当法规(紧急法规除外)在提出后被修改时,它们只能在修改后至少五天举行的例会或延期例会上通过。印刷或笔误的更正不属于本节所指的修改。

Section § 36935

Explanation

这项法律规定,要做出关于花钱的决定,会议必须是定期安排的,或者是专门召开且目的明确的。

支付款项的决议或命令,只能在例行会议上或在明确说明将要处理事务的特别会议上通过或作出。

Section § 36936

Explanation
这项法律规定,任何决议、支付款项的命令或条例若要获得批准,必须有超过半数的市议会成员投赞成票,并且该投票结果需要正式记录在案。

Section § 36936.1

Explanation

这项法律解释说,设定税率或通过征税所需的总收入,可以通过法令或决议来确定。如果通过决议来确定,它需要像法令一样公布,遵循相同的公布时间和程序。

拟征收的税率或通过征税所需筹集的收入金额,可通过法令或决议确定。如果税率或通过征税所需筹集的收入金额是通过决议确定的,则该决议的公布方式和时间应与法令的公布要求相同。

Section § 36937

Explanation

在加利福尼亚州,大多数条例(即地方性法律或法规)在市议会通过后30天生效。然而,有些条例会立即生效。这些包括与选举相关的条例、经市议会至少80%投票通过的、影响公共和平、健康或安全的紧急情况条例、街道改善条例以及用于城市日常开支的税收条例。此外,如果某项特定法律规定了条例的通过方式,该条例也可以立即生效。

条例在其最终通过后30天生效。如果条例属于以下情况,则立即生效:
(a)CA 政府 Code § 36937(a) 与选举相关的。
(b)CA 政府 Code § 36937(b) 为立即维护公共和平、健康或安全,包含构成紧急情况的事实声明,并经市议会五分之四投票通过的。
(c)CA 政府 Code § 36937(c) 与街道改善程序相关的。
(d)CA 政府 Code § 36937(d) 与城市日常和当前开支税收相关的。
(e)CA 政府 Code § 36937(e) 受法律特定条款管辖,规定其通过和采纳方式的。