Section § 2000

Explanation
本节指出,该法律分部正式称为《货币传输法》。该法案涉及对在加州境内和国际间传输资金的公司的监管。

Section § 2001

Explanation

该法律强调了汇款业务(包括移动应用程序和替代支付系统等现代服务)在加州经济中扮演着重要角色。人们使用这些服务来满足日常需求和向家人汇款。如果这些业务未能履行其义务,可能会损害消费者并削弱对金融机构的信任。因此,监管这些业务对于保护消费者、维护公众信心和福祉至关重要。

州立法机关认定并宣布以下各项:
(a)CA 金融 Code § 2001(a) 汇款业务在本州开展大量业务,且汇款服务领域正在发生技术进步,这已将汇款业务扩展到包括使用移动应用程序、替代销售点系统和其他消费者支付系统。
(b)CA 金融 Code § 2001(b) 在本州使用汇款业务的人,除其他目的外,使用这些业务支付生活必需品和向家庭成员汇款。
(c)CA 金融 Code § 2001(c) 汇款业务未能履行其义务,将给消费者造成损失,扰乱本州的支付机制,损害公众对在本州经营的金融机构的信心,并对本州居民的健康、安全和普遍福祉产生不利影响。
(d)CA 金融 Code § 2001(d) 为保护本州汇款业务消费者的利益,维护公众对在本州经营的金融机构的信心,并维护本州人民的健康、安全和普遍福祉,有必要对本州的汇款业务进行监管。

Section § 2002

Explanation

这项法律旨在保护加州使用汇款服务的人们,确保提供这些服务的企业安全稳健地运营。它努力建立公众对这些企业的信任,并帮助各州合作简化监管和许可流程。该法律还旨在明确哪些活动需要许可,哪些可以豁免,并支持使用全国性的许可系统。

立法机关的意图是,本法案的规定应实现以下所有目标:
(a)CA 金融 Code § 2002(a) 保护本州使用汇款服务的个人的利益。
(b)CA 金融 Code § 2002(b) 确保被许可人业务的安全稳健运营。
(c)CA 金融 Code § 2002(c) 维护公众对被许可人的信心。
(d)CA 金融 Code § 2002(d) 确保各州能够在监管、许可和监督的所有领域进行协调,以消除不必要的监管负担,并更有效地利用监管资源。
(e)CA 金融 Code § 2002(e) 规范需要许可或豁免许可的活动类型。
(f)CA 金融 Code § 2002(f) 授权根据本法案使用全国多州许可系统和注册处的表格、流程和功能。

Section § 2003

Explanation

本节定义了加利福尼亚州与汇款服务相关的金融法规中使用的术语。它解释了“关联方”的含义,即任何控制或受控于另一实体的实体。“代理人”是指未经独立许可但代表持牌人进行汇款的人;持牌人对代理人发起的任何交易承担责任。“申请人”是指申请相关许可或授权的任何人。“分支机构”是指持牌人在加利福尼亚州处理汇款服务的任何现场地点。

其他术语如“控制”、“持牌人”和“储值”也已得到澄清,同时还包括多州许可程序、未偿付交易以及构成支付工具的内容。这些定义还包括涉及汇票、支票或电子商务等数字交易的具体规定。它还解释了“专员”、“关键个人”的含义以及“在加利福尼亚州”的意义。

就本分部而言:
(a)CA 金融 Code § 2003(a) “关联方”,当用于指特定人士时,系指直接或间接通过一个或多个中介机构控制该特定人士、受该特定人士控制或与该特定人士受共同控制的任何人士。就分部 (s) 和 (x) 而言,如果某特定人士通过直接或间接拥有占该特定人士表决权50%以上的股份或股权证券而控制、受控于或与另一人士受共同控制,则该特定人士与该另一人士存在关联关系。
(b)CA 金融 Code § 2003(b) “代理人”系指本身未在加利福尼亚州获得汇款机构许可,但代表持牌人提供加利福尼亚州汇款服务的人士,前提是持牌人自该人士收到款项或货币价值之时起对该汇款服务承担责任。但是,“代理人”不包括持牌人的任何高级职员或雇员在持牌人办事处以该身份行事的情况。
(c)CA 金融 Code § 2003(c) “申请人”系指根据本分部提交许可申请或收购持牌人控制权申请的人士。
(d)CA 金融 Code § 2003(d) “日均未偿付额”系指在给定时间段内,加利福尼亚州每日结束时未偿付的汇款义务金额,将这些金额相加,然后除以该时间段内的总天数。
(e)CA 金融 Code § 2003(e) “分支机构”系指持牌人或代理人在本州设立的任何办事处,持牌人在此办事处直接或通过代理人接收款项或货币价值以提供汇款服务。
(f)CA 金融 Code § 2003(f) “营业日”系指以下之一:
(1)CA 金融 Code § 2003(f)(1) 当用于指在本州进行的任何行为时,系指除星期六、星期日或《政府法典》中规定为假日的任何其他日子之外的任何一天。
(2)CA 金融 Code § 2003(f)(2) 当用于指在除本州以外的任何司法管辖区进行的任何行为时,系指除根据该司法管辖区法律规定为法定假日的日子之外的任何一天。
(g)CA 金融 Code § 2003(g) “专员”系指金融保护和创新专员。
(h)CA 金融 Code § 2003(h) “控制”具有第1250节中规定的含义。
(i)CA 金融 Code § 2003(i) “日”系指日历日。
(j)CA 金融 Code § 2003(j) “电子商务”系指通过移动应用程序或互联网网站发起商品或服务支付的任何交易。
(k)Copy CA 金融 Code § 2003(k)
(1)Copy CA 金融 Code § 2003(k)(1) “在加利福尼亚州”或“在本州”系指实际位于加利福尼亚州。
(2)CA 金融 Code § 2003(k)(2) 对于通过电子方式或电话请求的交易,汇款服务提供商可以通过依赖该人士提供的关于个人住宅地址或商业实体主要营业地点或其他实际地址位置的其他信息,以及汇款服务提供商可能拥有的与该人士相关的、表明该位置的任何记录(包括但不限于与账户关联的地址)来确定请求交易的人士是否在本州。
(l)CA 金融 Code § 2003(l) “发行”和“发行人”就支付工具而言,系指根据《加利福尼亚州商法典》作为该工具的制作人或出票人并承担支付责任的实体。就储值而言,“发行”和“发行人”系指对储值持有人负有责任并已承诺或有义务支付储值的实体。只有持牌人才能发行储值或支付工具。
(m)CA 金融 Code § 2003(m) “关键个人”系指最终负责制定或指导持牌人政策和程序的自然人,包括执行官、经理、董事或受托人。
(n)CA 金融 Code § 2003(n) “持牌人”系指根据本分部获得许可的公司或有限责任公司。
(o)CA 金融 Code § 2003(o) “重大诉讼”系指根据美国公认会计原则,对申请人或持牌人的财务状况具有重要意义,并需要在申请人或持牌人的年度审计财务报表、致股东报告或类似记录中披露的诉讼。
(p)CA 金融 Code § 2003(p) “货币价值”系指一种交换媒介,无论是否可兑换成货币。
(q)CA 金融 Code § 2003(q) “款项”系指由美国或外国政府授权或采纳的交换媒介。该术语包括由政府间组织或两个或多个政府之间协议设立的货币记账单位。
(r)CA 金融 Code § 2003(r) “汇款服务”系指以下任何一种:
(1)CA 金融 Code § 2003(r)(1) 向位于本州的人士出售或发行支付工具。
(2)CA 金融 Code § 2003(r)(2) 向位于本州的人士出售或发行储值。
(3)CA 金融 Code § 2003(r)(3) 从位于本州的人士处接收款项以进行汇款。
(s)CA 金融 Code § 2003(s) “Multistate licensing process” means an agreement entered into by and among state regulators relating to coordinated processing of applications for money transmission licenses, applications for the acquisition of control of a licensee, control determinations, or notice and information requirements for a change of key individuals.
(t)CA 金融 Code § 2003(t) “NMLS” means the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System and Registry developed by the Conference of State Bank Supervisors and the American Association of Residential Mortgage Regulators and owned and operated by the State Regulatory Registry, LLC, or any successor or affiliated entity, for the licensing and registration of persons in financial services industries.
(u)CA 金融 Code § 2003(u) “Outstanding,” with respect to payment instruments and stored value, means issued or sold by the licensee in the United States and not yet paid or refunded by the licensee, or issued or sold on behalf of the licensee in the United States by its agent and reported as sold, but not yet paid or refunded by the licensee. “Outstanding,” with respect to receiving money for transmission means all money or monetary value received in the United States for transmission by the licensee or its agents but not yet paid to the beneficiaries or refunded to the person from whom the money or monetary value was received. All outstanding money transmission of a licensee is and shall remain a liability of the licensee until it is no longer outstanding.
(v)Copy CA 金融 Code § 2003(v)
(1)Copy CA 金融 Code § 2003(v)(1) “Payment instrument” means a check, draft, money order, traveler’s check, or other instrument for the transmission or payment of money or monetary value, whether or not negotiable.
(2)CA 金融 Code § 2003(v)(2) “Payment instrument” does not include any of the following:
(A)CA 金融 Code § 2003(v)(2)(A) A credit card voucher or letter of credit.
(B)CA 金融 Code § 2003(v)(2)(B) An instrument that is redeemable by the issuer for goods or services provided by the issuer, an affiliate of the issuer, or a franchisee of the issuer.
(C)CA 金融 Code § 2003(v)(2)(C) An instrument that is not sold to the public but issued and distributed as part of a loyalty, rewards, or promotional program.
(w)CA 金融 Code § 2003(w) “Person” means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, proprietorship, syndicate, limited liability company, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality, public corporation or joint stock company, or any other organization or legal or commercial entity, provided, however, that “person,” when used with respect to acquiring control of or controlling a specified person, includes any combination of two or more persons acting in concert.
(x)CA 金融 Code § 2003(x) “Receiving money for transmission” or “money received for transmission” means receiving money or monetary value in the United States for transmission within or outside the United States by electronic or other means. The term does not include sale or issuance of payment instruments and stored value.
(y)CA 金融 Code § 2003(y) “Record” means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form.
(z)CA 金融 Code § 2003(z) “State” means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
(aa)
(1)Copy CA 金融 Code § 2003(aa)(1) “Stored value” means monetary value representing a claim against the issuer that is stored on an electronic or digital medium and evidenced by an electronic or digital record, and that is intended and accepted for use as a means of redemption for money or monetary value or payment for goods or services.
(2)CA 金融 Code § 2003(aa)(2) “Stored value” does not include either of the following:
(A)CA 金融 Code § 2003(aa)(2)(A) A credit card voucher, letter of credit, or any stored value that is redeemable only by the issuer for goods or services provided by the issuer, an affiliate of the issuer, or a franchisee of the issuer, except to the extent required by applicable law to be redeemable for cash for its cash value.
(B)CA 金融 Code § 2003(aa)(2)(B) Stored value not sold to the public but issued and distributed as part of a loyalty, rewards, or promotional program.
(bb) “Traveler’s check” means an instrument that meets all of the following:
(1)CA 金融 Code § 2003(bb)(1) Is designated on its face by the term “traveler’s check” or by any substantially similar term or is commonly known and marketed as a traveler’s check.
(2)CA 金融 Code § 2003(bb)(2) Contains a provision for a specimen signature of the purchaser to be completed at the time of purchase.
(3)CA 金融 Code § 2003(bb)(3) Contains a provision for a countersignature of the purchaser to be completed at the time of negotiation.