Section § 2168

Explanation

If someone advertises that they can transport people, goods, or messages (except telegraphic messages), they are considered a common carrier for those services.

 Section Twenty-one Hundred and Sixty-eight. Every one who offers to the public to carry persons, property, or messages, excepting only telegraphic messages, is a common carrier of whatever he thus offers to carry.

Section § 2169

Explanation

A business or person that provides public transportation services must accept and transport goods or passengers as long as it's something they usually handle, it's offered at a reasonable time, and they can do it.

A common carrier must, if able to do so, accept and carry whatever is offered to him, at a reasonable time and place, of a kind that he undertakes or is accustomed to carry.

Section § 2170

Explanation

This law says that transportation companies, like railroads and ferries operating entirely within California, must treat all customers equally without favoritism. They have to set clear departure times and follow them, starting within ten minutes of the scheduled time, unless there's bad weather or issues with other connecting lines. If they fail to do this, they'll be fined $250 for each instance. The district attorney can sue them for the penalty, and any money collected goes to the county's Common School Fund.

A common carrier must not give preference in time, price, or otherwise, to one person over another. Every common carrier of passengers by railroad, or by vessel plying upon waters lying wholly within this State, shall establish a schedule time for the starting of trains or vessel from their respective stations or wharves, of which public notice shall be given, and shall, weather permitting, except in case of accident or detention caused by connecting lines, start their said trains or vessel at or within ten minutes after the scheduled time so established and notice given, under a penalty of two hundred and fifty dollars for each neglect so to do, to be recovered by action before any Court of competent jurisdiction, upon complaint filed by the District Attorney of the county in the name of the people, and paid into the Common School Fund of the said county.

Section § 2171

Explanation

This law says that a common carrier, which is a business that transports goods or people, must prioritize services for the United States and the State of California over other customers. They can also offer lower prices to these entities.

A common carrier must always give a preference in time, and may give a preference in price, to the United States and to this State.

Section § 2172

Explanation

This law states that a transportation service must begin its journey at the time and place it has publicly announced unless it's delayed due to an accident, bad weather, or to align with other connecting travel services.

 Section Twenty-one Hundred and Seventy-two. A common carrier must start at such time and place as he announces to the public, unless detained by accident or the elements, or in order to connect with carriers on other lines of travel.

Section § 2173

Explanation

This law states that a transportation service, like a bus or airline, is allowed to charge a fair amount for their services and can ask for this payment upfront. If someone refuses to pay, the service can refuse to provide transportation to that person.

A common carrier is entitled to a reasonable compensation and no more, which he may require to be paid in advance. If payment thereof is refused, he may refuse to carry.

Section § 2174

Explanation
A transportation company can't just put up a general notice to avoid its responsibilities. However, it can create a special written agreement to limit its obligations.
 Section Twenty-one Hundred and Seventy-four. The obligations of a common carrier cannot be limited by general notice on his part, but may be limited by special contract.

Section § 2175

Explanation

This law says that a common carrier, like a transportation company, can't make an agreement beforehand to avoid responsibility if they or their employees act with extreme carelessness, commit fraud, or intentionally do something wrong.

A common carrier cannot be exonerated, by any agreement made in anticipation thereof, from liability for the gross negligence, fraud, or willful wrong of himself or his servants.

Section § 2176

Explanation

This section explains that when someone accepts a ticket or contract for transporting goods or animals, they agree to the terms specified in it, including the cost, delivery details, and limits on the transporter's liability if items are lost or damaged. However, for any other changes to the transporter's duties listed in the document, the passenger must sign it for those changes to be valid.

 Section Twenty-one Hundred and Seventy-six. A passenger, consignor, or consignee, by accepting a ticket, bill of lading, or written contract for carriage, with a knowledge of its terms, assents to the rate of hire, the time, place, and manner of delivery therein stated; and also to the limitation stated therein upon the amount of the carrier’s liability in case property carried in packages, trunks, or boxes, is lost or injured, when the value of such property is not named; and also to the limitation stated therein to the carrier’s liability for loss or injury to live animals carried. But his assent to any other modification of the carrier’s obligations contained in such instrument can be manifested only by his signature to the same.

Section § 2177

Explanation

In California, if you send money, notes, or important papers through a delivery service, like a mail or package carrier, they won't be responsible if those items are lost or damaged unless you tell them how valuable the contents are when you send it.

 Section Twenty-one Hundred and Seventy-seven. A common carrier is not responsible for loss or miscarriage of a letter, or package having the form of a letter, containing money or notes, bills of exchange, or other papers of value, unless he be informed at the time of its receipt of the value of its contents.

Section § 2178

Explanation

This law limits the responsibility of train companies, including sleeping car companies, when they lose or damage passengers' luggage. For each trunk, they're only liable up to $100, and for each smaller item like a suitcase or bag, the limit is $50. For things like boxes or packages, the company is only responsible for up to $10, unless they agree in writing to a higher amount.

A common carrier of property by steam or electric railroad which accepts for transportation, storage, handling or safe-keeping, as a part of or in connection with passenger transportation, property carried in trunks, valises, suit cases, traveling bags, boxes, bundles or packages, shall not be liable, in the event of loss of or injury to the same, for more than one hundred dollars for each trunk and contents, nor more than fifty dollars for each valise and contents, or suit case and contents, or traveling bag and contents, nor more than ten dollars for each box, bundle or package and contents, unless the carrier shall have consented in writing to assume a greater liability. The term “common carrier” as used in this section shall include sleeping car companies.